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Archive-name: comp-speech-faq/part1
Last-modified: 1998/07/06 URL: http://www.speech.su.oz.au/comp.speech/ See reader questions & answers on this topic! - Help others by sharing your knowledge
COMP.SPEECH FAQ POSTING - PART 1/3
[Note: this document has been automatically extracted from a WWW site:
http://www.speech.su.oz.au/comp.speech/
This may introduce some formatting errors.]
Comp.Speech Frequently Asked Questions
The Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) is a regular posting to
comp.speech which attempts to answer some of the regular questions in
the comp.speech newsgroup. It covers speech synthesis, speech
recognition, speech coding and a range of related material. It
contains lists of speech technology software and hardware, including
commerical products, public domain and freeware software, plus it
contains over 500 links to speech technology sites and software.
The FAQ is not meant to discuss any topic exhaustively. It will
hopefully provide readers with pointers on where to find useful
information, especially material available on the Internet.
If you have not already read the Usenet introductory material posted
to news.announce.newusers, please do. For help with FTP (file transfer
protocol) look for a regular posting of anonymous FTP FAQ in
comp.misc, comp.archives.admin or news.answers.
This FAQ is posted every 4 weeks to comp.speech, comp.answers and
news.answers.
It is also available on the World Wide Web:
* Australia: http://www.speech.su.oz.au/comp.speech/
* Britain: http://svr-www.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/
* Japan: http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/comp.speech/
* USA: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/comp.speech/
Or by anonymous ftp from the comp.speech archive site:
* ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/comp.speech/FAQ-complete
Or from the news.answers ftp site (and its mirrors):
* ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.speech/*
Or by sending email to mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with the following
line in the body of the message:
* send usenet/news.answers/comp-speech-faq/*
If you only have email access to the internet, then I suggest you
obtain the Internet-by-email guide. Send email to
mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu with the following line in the body of the
message:
* send usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email
Admin
Minor changes each month. Thanks to all the companies and individuals
who send in information.
Acknowledgements
Hundreds of people and companies have made contributions to the
comp.speech FAQ over the last few years - too many to name
individually. Special thanks go to Tony Robinson and Kevin Lenzo who
have provided a wide range of information and assistance. Tony
Robinson also maintains the comp.speech ftp site which is an excellent
resource for all people working with speech technology. I am grateful
to the people at Sydney University, Cambridge University, ATR ITL and
CMU for supporting the FAQ on their WWW sites.
Disclaimer
The comp.speech FAQ and WWW pages are provided as is without any
express or implied warranties. While every effort has been taken to
ensure the accuracy of the information presented here, the author
assumes no responsibility for errors or omissions, or for damages
resulting from the use of the information contained herein.
The comp.speech FAQ and WWW pages should not be construed as
representing the views or products of my employer, Sun Microsystems,
Inc.
Copyright and Reproduction
Copyright (c) 1994-6 by Andrew Hunt, all rights reserved.
The comp.speech FAQ posting may not be distributed for financial gain.
The comp.speech FAQ posting may not be included in any collections or
compilations without express permission from the author.
The comp.speech FAQ posting may be posted to any USENET newsgroup,
on-line service, or BBS as long as it is posted in its entirety with
this copyright statement, and that a current version is always
maintained.
[Note: hyperlinks to the comp.speech WWW pages are encouraged.]
Maintainer
The FAQ posting and the Comp.Speech WWW Site are maintained on a
volunteer basis by
Andrew Hunt
Speech Applications Group, Sun Microsystems Laboratories
Two Elizabeth Drive, Chelmsford, MA, 01824-4195, USA
Ph: (508) 442 2681 Fax: (508) 250 5067
andrew.hunt@east.sun.com
___________________________________________________________________________
comp.speech FAQ
Table of Contents
+ SpeechLinks: Speech Technology Hyperlinks Pages
* SpeechLinks: 500+ Speech Technology Links
* SpeechLinks: General Speech Technology Links
* SpeechLinks: Signal Processing for Speech
* SpeechLinks: Speech Coding
* SpeechLinks: Speech Synthesis
* SpeechLinks: Speech Recognition
+ List Of Software/Hardware
+ Update Times
+ Availability
+ Odds 'n Ends
+ FAQ Section 1: General Information on Speech Technology
* SpeechLinks: General
* Q1.1: What is comp.speech?
* Q1.2: comp.speech ftp site
* Q1.3: Common abbreviations and jargon
* Q1.4: Related newsgroups and mailing lists
* Q1.5: Associations, publications and conferences
* Q1.6: Handicap Aids
* Q1.7: Speech Databases
* Q1.8: Speech File Formats and Conversion
* Q1.9: Speech Laboratory Environments and Audio Editors
* Q1.10: Speech Research Sites
* Q1.11: Miscellaneous Software and Resources
+ FAQ Section 2: Signal Processing
* SpeechLinks: Signal Processing for Speech
* Q2.1: What sampling do I need for speech?
* Q2.2: Finding the pitch of a speech signal
* Q2.3: How do I find the start and end points of a speech
signal?
* Q2.4: Where can I find FFT software?
* Q2.5: Signal processing in speech technology
* Q2.6: Speech sampling and signal processing hardware
* Q2.7: How do I convert to/from mu-law format?
* Q2.8: Signal Processing Software
+ FAQ Section 3: Speech Coding and Compression
* SpeechLinks: Speech Coding
* Q3.1: Speech compression techniques
* Q3.2: Information on speech coding and compression
* Q3.3: Speech Compression / Coding Software
+ FAQ Section 4: Natural Language Processing
* Q4.1: NLP References and Books
* Q4.2: NLP Software
+ FAQ Section 5: Speech Synthesis
* SpeechLinks: Speech Synthesis
* Q5.1: What is speech synthesis?
* Q5.2: How can speech synthesis be performed?
* Q5.3: References/Books on Synthesis
* Q5.4: Speech Synthesis on the WWW
* Q5.5: Speech Synthesis Software/Hardware
+ FAQ Section 6: Speech Recognition
* SpeechLinks: Speech Recognition
* Q6.1: What is speech recognition?
* Q6.2: How is speech recognition performed?
* Q6.3: How can I build a simple speech recogniser?
* Q6.4: References & books on speech recognition
* Q6.5: Speech Recognition Hardware/Software
* Q6.6: Speaker Recognition (Verification and Identification)
* Q6.7: Integrated Speech Products
___________________________________________________________________________
List of Software/Hardware/Information
The comp.speech FAQ provides information on a range of software,
hardware and resources.
Q1.6: Handicap Aids
* Man-Machine Interfacing
* SpeechViewer II
Q1.7: Speech Data
* Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals
* BUPT Spoken Digit Database (Chinese)
* Center for Spoken Language Understanding (CSLU)
* Examples of IPA Symbols
* Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC)
* NOISEX
* Oxford Acoustic Phonetic Database
* Phonemic Samples
* RELATOR project
* ShATR
* University of Victoria Phonetic Database
Q1.9: Speech Processing Environments
* CSRE: Computerized Speech Research Environment
* DADiSP from DSP Development Corporation
* Entropic Signal Processing System (ESPS) and Waves
* GoldWave
* Kay Elemetrics Computer Speech Lab
* Khoros
* Matlab plus Signal Processing Toolbox
* MacSpeech Lab II
* N!Power
* OGI Speech Tools
* Ptolemy
* Quadravox Speech Processing Products - Qbox
* Speech Filing System (SFS)
* Signalyze 3.0 from InfoSignal
* SoundScope
Q1.11: Miscelaneous Software and Resources
Speech Application Interfaces
* ASAPI: Advanced Speech API (AT&T)
* SAPI: Microsoft Windows Speech API
* SRAPI: Speech Recognition API
* TAPI: Microsoft Windows Telephony API
Network "Phone" Software
* CUSeeMe
* CyberPhone
* DigiPhone
* InterFACE from Hijinx
* FAQ: How can I use the Internet as a telephone?
* Nautilus: Secure Computer Telephony
* NEVOT (1.4v) from AT&T BL
* PGPfone
* Speak Freely
* Internet Phone from VocalTec
* WebPhone
* WebTalk
Audio Processing Software
* AF version AF3R1
* Voice E-Mail from Bonzi Software
* MicNotePad Recording Software for Macs
* MixViews
* Network Audio System Release 1.1
* NIST Software - SPHERE and SCORE
* Sound Processing Kit
* TCPplay
Human Audio Perception
* Auditory Modeller 1
* Auditory Modeller 2
* Auditory Toolbox for Matlab
* Human Audio Perception Document
Dictionaries and other Lexical Tools
* BEEP dictionary
* CMU dictionary
* CUVOLAD dictionary (Oxford Dictionary)
* Comprehensive Word List
* EAT: Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus
* Homophone List
* Moby Lexical Resources
* MRC Psycholinguistic Database
* WordNet
* Dictionaries on the WWW
Phonetic Fonts and Phonetic Samples
* International Phonetic Alphabet
* WWW: Phonetic Fonts and Examples Online
* Summer Institute of Linguistics IPA Fonts
* Phonetic Fonts for TeX and LaTeX
* Yamada Language Center
Very Miscellaneous Software
* The vOICe
* The Learning Company's Language Training
* Wildfire - an Electronic Assistant
Q2.6: Audio Hardware
* Macintosh Audio Hardware
* PC Audio Hardware
* Unix Audio Hardware
Q2.8: Signal Processing Software
* SigLib from Numerix Ltd.
Q3.3: Compression Software and Hardware
* 32 kbps ADPCM
* Castleton Network Systems - G.729 Voice Coder
* CELP 3.2a & LPC-10
* 8 Kbit/s CELP on the TMS320C5x family of DSP chips
* CyberVoice
* Rockwell's DigiTalk
* File format conversion
* G.711/721/723 Compression
* G.728 LD-CELP vocoder
* G.728 Compression
* GSM 06.10 Compression
* Lernout & Hauspie Speech Coding (5 products)
* Lernout & Hauspie Speech Coding SDK
* MPEG Audio
* shorten - a lossless compressor for speech signals
* Sipro Lab Telecom Inc. Coding
* Sonarc: Digital Audio Compression
* StarAudio Compressor/Player
* TrueSpeech from DSP Group
* U.S.F.S. 1016 CELP vocoder for DSP56001
* ToolVox from Voxware
Q4.2: Natural Language Processing
* Natural Language Software Registry (NLSR) - NLP Tools
* Part of Speech Tagger
Q5.5: Speech Synthesis
_Apple Macintosh_
* BeSTspeech from Berkeley Speech Technologies, Inc., (BST)
* Infovox Product Range
* Macintosh Speech Output Applications
* Macintosh Speech Synthesis Manager
* MacYack Pro
* MBROLA: Free Speech Synthesis Project
* ProVoice Developer's Speech Toolkit from First Byte
* SENSYN speech synthesizer
* Sound Bytes DeveloperUs Kit
* Macintosh Speech Synthesis Manager
_Windows (including 95, NT, 3.1)_
* AcuVoice
* AT&T Watson Speech Synthesis
* BeSTspeech from Berkeley Speech Technologies, Inc., (BST)
* Creative TextAssist and TextAssist API
* DECtalk: Text-to-Speech from Digital
* ETI-Eloquence
* HADIFIX
* Infovox Product Range
* IPOX: All Prosodic Speech Synthesis Architecture
* Lernout and Hauspie Text-To-Speech Windows SDK
* Listen2 Text Reader
* MBROLA: Free Speech Synthesis Project
* Monologue for Windows from First Byte
* PAM - A Text-To-Speech Application
* ProVerbe Speech Engine from ELAN Informatique
* ProVoice Developer's Speech Toolkit from First Byte
* SENSYN speech synthesizer
* Sound Bytes DeveloperUs Kit
* Tinytalk
* TruVoice from Centigram
* WinSpeech
* ZMD Speech Synthesis
_DOS_
* CSRE: Computerized Speech Research Environment
* Infovox Product Range
* MBROLA: Free Speech Synthesis Project
* ProVoice Developer's Speech Toolkit from First Byte
* SENSYN speech synthesizer
* spchsyn.exe
* Tinytalk
* ZMD Speech Synthesis
_OS/2_
* ProVerbe Speech Engine from ELAN Informatique
* ProVoice Developer's Speech Toolkit from First Byte
* Sound Bytes DeveloperUs Kit
_Unix_
* AcuVoice
* AsTeR
* BeSTspeech from Berkeley Speech Technologies, Inc., (BST)
* DECtalk: Text-to-Speech from Digital
* ETI-Eloquence
* Emacspeak - A Speech Output Subsystem For Emacs
* Festival Speech Synthesis System
* JSRU
* Klatt-style synthesiser
* KPE80 - A Klatt Synthesiser and Parameter Editor
* "learph": Trainable text-to-phoneme software by Antonio Lucca
* Lucent Technologies Bell Labs Text-to-Speech system
* MBROLA: Free Speech Synthesis Project
* Orator from Bellcore
* ProVerbe Speech Engine from ELAN Informatique
* rsynth
* SENSYN speech synthesizer
* SGI Developers Toolbox Synthesiser
* Speak
* TrueTalk
* TruVoice from Centigram
_Integrated Circuits and Dedicated Hardware_
* Eurovocs
* Infovox Product Range
* ProVerbe Speech Engine from ELAN Informatique
* RC Systems V8600/V8601 Text to Speech synthesizers
_Other Platforms_
* BeSTspeech from Berkeley Speech Technologies, Inc., (BST)
* TheBigMouth (NeXT)
* MBROLA: Free Speech Synthesis Project
* Narrator Translator Library (Amiga)
* Narrator (Amiga)
* TextToSpeech Kit (NeXT)
* Orator from Bellcore
* SENSYN speech synthesizer
* WreadFiles: File reader for Commodore Amiga
_Unknown_
* Lernout and Hauspie Text-To-Speech (3 products)
* SIMTEL
* Text to Phoneme Program 1
* Text to phoneme program 2
* Text to phoneme program 3
Q6.5: Speech Recognition
_Apple Macintosh_
* Digital Dreams Speech Recognition Plug-Ins
* Dragon Dictation Products
* Macintosh Speech Recognition Manager
* PowerSecretary
_Windows (including 95, NT, 3.1)_
* AT&T Watson Speech Recognition
* Cambridge Voice for Windows
* CustomVoice and CustomTelephone: A&G Graphics Interface Inc.
* DragonDictate for Windows
* Dragon Dictation Products
* Dragon Developer Tools
* Ficomp Interpreter 6000
* IBM VoiceType Dictation and Control
* IN CUBE
* Kurzweil Speech Recognition (2 products)
* Lernout & Hauspie ASR SDK
* Listen for Windows 2.0 from Verbex Voice Systems
* Microsoft Speech Recognition
* NCC Dictate
* Phonetic Engine 500 (PE500) from Speech Systems, Inc.
* Philips Speech Recognition (2 products)
* ProNotes Voice Tools
* PureSpeech
* smARTspeak from Advanced Recognition Technologies, Inc.
* Visual Voice from Stylus Innovation
* VoiceAssist for Windows from Creative Labs, Inc.
* VoiceServer for Windows
* Whisper
* WildCard Speech Products
_DOS_
* DATAVOX - French
* Dragon Developer Tools
* Ficomp Interpreter 6000
* Jialong He's Speech Recognition Research Tool
* smARTspeak from Advanced Recognition Technologies, Inc.
* Votan VPC2100 Voice Card and VSP 1010 Speech Processor
_OS/2_
* IBM VoiceType Dictation and Control
_Unix_
* AbbotDemo
* BBN Hark Telephony Recognizer
* EARS: Single Word Recognition Package
* Ficomp Interpreter 6000
* Hidden Markov Model Toolkit (HTK) from Entropic
* IN CUBE
* Jialong He's Speech Recognition Research Tool
* Lotec Speech Recognition Package
* Myers' Hidden Markov Model software
* NICO Artificial Neural Network Toolkit
* Nuance Speech Recognition System
* PureSpeech
* recnet
_Integrated Circuits and Dedicated Hardware_
* HM2007 - Speech Recognition Chip
* OKI VRP6679 - Speech Recognition Chip
* Sensory Inc. Integrated Circuits
* Speech Commander - Verbex Voice Systems
* Voice Control Systems Recognition
* VCS 2030 & 2060 Voice Dialer
_Other Platforms_
* Simon Says (NeXT)
* Voice Command Line Interface (Amiga)
* Visus SpeechKit
_Unknown_
* Berkeley Restaurant Project (BeRP)
* Lernout & Hauspie ASR (3 products)
* Voice-Trek 2.0
* Voicetek Corp.
* Voice Processing Corporation Speech Recognition Product Line
Q6.6: Speaker Verification and Identification
* ImagineNation: Voice Activated UnLock Technology
* Jialong He's Speaker Recognition (Identification) Tool
* Keyware Biometric Security Products
* SpeakerKey Voice Verifier from ITT
* SpeakEZ Voice Print Speaker Verification
* Voice Control Systems: Speaker Verification Technology
Q6.7: Integrated Speech Products
* SpeechWorksfrom Applied Language Technologies, Inc.
* Nortel Speech Technology Products
___________________________________________________________________________
General Speech Technology
comp.speech FAQ Section 1
* SpeechLinks: General
* Q1.1: What is comp.speech?
* Q1.2: comp.speech ftp site
* Q1.3: Common abbreviations and jargon
* Q1.4: Related newsgroups and mailing lists
* Q1.5: Associations, publications and conferences
* Q1.6: Handicap Aids
* Q1.7: Speech Databases
* Q1.8: Speech File Formats and Conversion
* Q1.9: Speech Laboratory Environments and Audio Editors
* Q1.10: Speech Research Sites
* Q1.11: Miscellaneous Software and Resources
Q1.1: What is comp.speech?
Comp.speech is an unmoderated newsgroup for discussion of speech
technology and speech science. It covers a wide range of issues from
the application of speech technology, to research, to products and
lots more. By its nature, speech technology is an inter-disciplinary
field and the newsgroup reflects this. However, computer application
is the basic theme of the group.
Note: If you don't know what a newsgroup is, then talk to your local
system administration about how to get access. A useful newsgroups for
beginners is news.announce.newusers. You might also find the following
documents useful.
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.announce.newusers/What_is_Us
enet?
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.announce.newusers/Answers_to
_Frequently_Asked_Questions_about_Usenet
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.announce.newusers/Rules_for_
posting_to_Usenet
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/news.announce.newusers/FAQs_about
_FAQs
The following is a list of some of the topics covered by comp.speech.
* Speech Recognition - discussion of methodologies, training,
techniques, results and applications. This should cover the
application of techniques including HMMs, neural-nets and so on to
the field.
* Speech Synthesis - discussion concerning theoretical and practical
issues associated with the design of speech synthesis systems.
* Speech Coding and Compression - both research and application
matters.
* Phonetic/Linguistic Issues - coverage of linguistic and phonetic
issues which are relevant to speech technology applications. Could
cover parsing, natural language processing, phonology and prosodic
work.
* Speech System Design - issues relating to the application of
speech technology to real-world problems. Includes the design of
user interfaces, the building of real-time systems and so on.
* Other matters - relevant conferences, jobs, books, software,
hardware, and products.
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.2: comp.speech ftp site
Tony Robinson maintains the comp.speech ftp site. The ftp site is a
comprehensive repository of software and information related to speech
technology. The site is
* ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/comp.speech/
Comp.speech Archives
The comp.speech ftp site provides full archives of the comp.speech
newsgroup dating back to the creation of the group in 1991. The
postings are stored in the order in which they arrive. Batches of 1000
articles are grouped into gzip'ed tar file. Matching files listing the
subjects are also provided.
* ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/pub/comp.speech/archive/
Software and Other Resources
The comp.speech ftp site includes a wide range of useful software and
resources. Tony has arranged it into a series of sub-directories:
/analysis : Speech analysis software
FFT code, a pitch tracker, RASTA code, and IEEE DSP code.
/auditory : Auditory model software
AIM, Auditory Toolbox and Lutear.
/coding : Speech coding software
ADPCM, CELP 3.2a, G711, G721, G723, GSM, LDCELP, LPC10,
Shorten.
/data : Repository for (small) speech-related databases
BEEP, CMUDict, Homophone list, hVd database, Peterson Barney
database
/dictionaries : Phonetic dictionaries
BEEP, CMUDict, CUVOALD, Homophone list, MRC database
/info : Key postings to comp.speech archives by subject
Lots of interesting info!
/recognition : Speech recognition software
AbbotDemo, Ears, Lotec, recnet, sound blaster recognition,
whistle
/simtel_sound : Mirror of the simtel/msdos/sound directory
Range of useful software
/simtel_voice : Mirror of the simtel/msdos/voice directory
Another range of useful software
/synthesis : Speech synthesis software
Klatt synthesis software, Klatt parameter editor and rsynth.
/tools : Miscelaneous tools
Part-of-speech tagger, OGI speech tools, sox audio file format
conversion, SPHERE software and more.
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.3: Common abbreviations and jargon.
* ANN - Artificial Neural Network.
* ASR - Automatic Speech Recognition.
* ASSP - Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing
* AVIOS - American Voice I/O Society
* CELP - Code-book Excited Linear Prediction.
* COLING - COmputational LINGuistics
* DTW - Dynamic Time Warping.
* FAQ - Frequently Asked Questions.
* HMM - Hidden Markov Model.
* IEEE - Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
* JASA - Journal of the Acoustic Society of America
* LPC - Linear Predictive Coding.
* LVQ - Learned Vector Quantisation.
* MFCC - Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficients
* NLP - Natural Language Processing.
* NN - Neural Network.
* TIMIT - A speech corpus with phoneme labels - see Q1.7
* TTS - Text-To-Speech (i.e. speech synthesis).
* VQ - Vector Quantisation.
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.4: Related newsgroups and mailing lists.
Newsgroups
comp.ai - Artificial Intelligence newsgroup.
Postings on general AI issues, language processing and AI
techniques. The comp.ai FAQ covers NLP, NN and other AI
information.
comp.ai.nat-lang - Natural Language Processing Group
Postings regarding Natural Language Processing. Set up to cover
a broard range of related issues and different viewpoints. A
comp.ai.nat-lang FAQ posting is available.
comp.ai.nlang-know-rep - Natural Language Knowledge Representation
Moderated group.
comp.ai.neural-nets - discussion of Neural Networks and related
issues.
There are often posting on speech related matters - phonetic
recognition, connectionist grammars and so on. A
comp.ai.neural-nets FAQ posting is available.
comp.compression - occasional articles on compression of speech.
The comp.compression FAQ has some info on audio compression
standards.
comp.dcom.telecom - Telecommunications newsgroup.
Has occasional articles on voice products.
comp.dsp - discussion of signal processing - hardware and algorithms
and more.
Has a good FAQ posting which is also available on the WWW and
by ftp (addresses below). Has a regular posting of a
comprehensive list of Audio File Formats.
+ http://www.bdti.com/faq/dsp_faq.htm
+ ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/comp.dsp/
comp.multimedia - Multi-Media discussion group.
Has occasional articles on voice I/O.
sci.lang - Language.
Discussion about phonetics, phonology, grammar, etymology and
lots more. A sci.lang FAQ is available.
alt.sci.physics.acoustics
Some discussion of speech production & perception.
alt.binaries.sounds.* - posting and discussion of sound samples.
Mailing Lists
Voice-Users Mailing List
For discussion of any aspect of using voice recognition
systems.
+ Using such systems safely, without muscle or voice strain
+ Techniques for improving recognition accuracy
+ How to set up the physical voice workstation
+ Tips for effective use of voice interfaces
+ Configuration of specific systems, troubleshooting, etc
To subscribe fill out the web-based subscription form
Posts to the list should go to:
voice-users@voicerecognition.com
Colibri
News about language, speech, logic and information.
Email: colibri@let.ruu.nl
WWW: http://colibri.let.ruu.nl/
ECTL - Electronic Communal Temporal Lobe
Founder & Moderator: David Leip. Moderated mailing list for
researchers with interests in computer speech interfaces. This
list serves a broad community including persons from signal
processing, AI, linguistics and human factors. To subscribe,
send your name, institute, department, daytime phone and email
address to:
+ ectl-request@snowhite.cis.uoguelph.ca
The ECTL archive site is
ftp://snowhite.cis.uoguelph.ca/pub/ectl
Prosody Mailing List
Unmoderated mailing list for discussion of prosody. The aim is
to facilitate the spread of information relating to the
research of prosody by creating a network of researchers in the
field. If you want to participate, send the following one-line
message to
+ listserv@msu.edu
+ subscribe prosody Your Name
foNETiks
A moderated monthly newsletter distributed by e-mail. It
carries job advertisements, notices of conferences, and other
news of general interest to phoneticians, speech scientists and
others. The editors are Linda Shockey and Gerry Docherty. To
subscribe send the following 1 line message to
+ mailbase@mailbase.ac.uk
+ join fonetiks your_first_name your_second_name
Digital Mobile Radio
Covers lots of areas include some speech topics including
speech coding and speech compression. Mail Peter Decker
dec@dfv.rwth-aachen.de to subscribe.
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.5: Associations, Journals and Conferences
[Note: Also see the list provided in Shikano's WWW site on Speech and
Acoustics:
http://www.aist-nara.ac.jp/IS/Shikano-lab/database/internet-resource/e
-www-site.html.]
Associations
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
* Publications: include IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, IEEE
Transactions on Speech and Audio (from Jan 93), IEEE Transactions
on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (now obsolete), IEEE
Signal Processing Magazine. (More information on the WWW:
http://www.ieee.org/sp/index.html).
* Speech-Related Conferences: ICASSP - Intl. Conf. Acoustics,
Speech, and Signal Processing. IEEE also runs speech technology
related workshops and many other conferences. (Does anyone have a
list?)
* Contact: IEEE Service Center
445 Hoes Lane, PO Box 1331, Piscataway, NJ 08855, USA
Phone: 1-800-678-IEEE or (201) 981-0060
* WWW: IEEE: http://www.ieee.org/
IEEE Signal Processing Society http://www.ieee.org/sp/index.html
The Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
* Publications: Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (JASA)
* Conferences: ASA holds four meetings a year. Information is
available on the WWW: http://asa.aip.org/meetings.html.
* Contact: ASA Office Manager,
500 Sunnyside Blvd, Woodbury, NY 11797-2999, USA
Ph: (516) 576-2360, FAX (516) 576-2377
Email: asa@aip.org
* WWW: http://asa.aip.org/
European Speech Communication Association (ESCA)
* Publications: Speech Communications
* Conferences: EUROSPEECH is held every two years. E'97 will take
place in Patras, Greece, in September 1997. ESCA organises regular
speech-related workshops: see their WWW pages for details.
* Contact: Secretariat ESCA
ICP, Universite Stendhal,
BP 25X, F38400 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
Ph: (+33).76.82.43.36 Fax (+33).76.82.43.35
Email: esca@icp.grenet.fr
* WWW: http://ophale.icp.grenet.fr/esca/esca.html
Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL)
* Publications: Computational Linguistics
* SIGPHON: Special Interest Group for Computational Phonology. The
home page is provided by the Centre for Cognitive Science at the
University of Edinburgh. A special issue on Computational
Phonology appeared in Vol 20, Num 3 of Computational Linguistics
and included an Introduction to Computational Phonology by Steven
Bird
* Conferences: COLING is held bi-annually. ACL also organises a
range of workshops. See the WWW pages for details.
* Contact: P.O. Box 6090
Somerset, NJ 08875, USA
Ph: (908) 873 3893
Email: acl@bellcore.com
* WWW: http://www.cs.columbia.edu:80/~acl/
American Voice Input/Output Society (AVIOS)
* Description: AVIOS is a not-for-profit organization, dedicated to
disseminating information about applications using speech
technology. It aims "to bridge the gap between emerging voice
technology and its application, by providing an interactive forum
for the technologists, students, system developers, business
managers, and users actively involved in or with an interest in
the field of voice processing."
* Publications: International Journal of Speech Technology (with
Kluwer Academic Publishers)
The Journal of the American Voice Input/Output Society was
published from 1984 to 1994.
* Conferences: The International Voice Input/Output Applications
Conference is held annually (since 1982): Sept 10-12, San Jose,
CA.
* Contact: 4010 Moorpark Avenue, Suite 105M, San Jose, CA 95117, USA
Ph: +1-408-248-1353, Fax: +1-408-248-0251
Email: avios@pilot.net
WWW: http://www.avios.com/
European Language Resources Association
* Description: The European Language Resources Association was
established in Luxembourg in February, 1995, with the goal of
creating an organization to promote the creation, verification,
and distribution of language resources in Europe. A non-profit
organization, ELRA aims to serve as a central focal point for
information related to language resources in Europe, It will help
users and developers of European language resources, as well as
government agencies and other interested parties, exploit language
resources for a wide variety of uses. It will also oversee the
distribution of language resources via CD-ROM and other means and
promote standards for such resources.
* More info: see the ELRA Home page for membership information,
lists of resources etc.
* Contact: K. Choukri, Executive Director ELRA
87, Avenue d'Italie, 75013 Paris, FRANCE
Ph: +33 1 45 86 53 00, Fax: +33 1 45 86 44 88
Email: elra@calvanet.calvacom.fr
WWW: http://www.icp.grenet.fr/ELRA/home.html
ASSTA: Australian Speech Science and Technology Association
* Conference: SST, the Australian conference on Speech Science and
Technology, is held bi-annually. SST-96 will be held in Adelaide.
* WWW: Home Page: http://cslab.anu.edu.au/~bruce/assta/
List of members: http://ciips.ee.uwa.edu.au/~roberto/assta-users/
SALT: UK Speech and Language Technology Club
* WWW home page: http://salt.essex.ac.uk/salt/
Linguistic Associations
* A comprehensive list of linguistic associations and linguistic WWW
links is available at
http://engserve.tamu.edu/files/linguistics/linguist/associations.h
tml
Industry Publications
ASR News
* Description: Monthly newsletter covering developments in the
speech recognition and speech synthesis marketplace.
* Note: Voice Information Associates also publish "Automatic Speech
Recognition: A study of the world-wide market" (revised 1995) and
"Text-to-Speech Technology Markets: 1995-2000" (revised 1995)
* Contact: Voice Information Associates, Inc.
14 Glen Road South, P.O. Box 625, Lexington, MA 02173, USA
Ph: +1-617-861-6680, Fax: +1-617-863-8790
Email: asrnews@tiac.net
WWW: http://www.tiac.net/users/asrnews/
Voice News
* Description: Monthly newsletter reporting on voice mail, voice
response, speech recognition, speech synthesis, digital voice
record/playback and related technologies, markets and company
activities. Review copy available on request.
* Contact: Stoneridge Technical Services
P.O. Box 1891, Rockville, MD, 20849, USA
Ph: +1-301-424-0114, Fax: +1-301-424-8971
Email: info@stoneridgetech.com
WWW: http://www.stoneridgetech.com/
Speech Recognition Update
* Description: Monthly news and analysis of speech recognition
markets, applications and technology.
A free sample copy is available by contacting TMA Associates.
* Also: TMA Associates also publishes market studies, including The
Advanced Speech Technology Market: Recognition, Synthesis and
Compression (1996) and Voice ID (1996)
.
Contact: TMA Associates
6021 Wish Avenue, Encino, CA 91316, USA
Ph: +1-818-708-0962, Fax: +1-818-345-2980
Email: 72162.3172@compuserve.com
http://www.tmaa.com/
Voice Technology and Services News
* Description: Follows integrated PC LAN messaging (voice, fax,
mail, video) and speech technology. It follows the merging
computer and telephone technologies, provides insights into
business and marketing opportunities and offers executive timely
information on industry trend analysis.
* Contact: Phillips Business Information
1201 Seven Locks Rd., Potomac, Maryland, 20854, USA
Ph: 1-800-777-5006 OR +1-301-340-1520
Subscription FAX: +1-301-309-3847
Editorial FAX: +1-424-4297
Telleconnect
* Contact: +1-212-691-8215
Computer Telephony
* Contact: +1-212-691-8215
Voice Processing Magazine
* Contact: 1-800-854-3112
Speech Technology
* Description: No longer published
Technical and Research Publications
Computer Speech and Language
* Price: $US170 (Institutions), $US75 (Individuals), 4 issues per
year.
* Publisher: Academic Press Limited
24-28 Oval Road, London NW1, England
WWW: http://www.apnet.com/
Speech Communication
* Contact: ESCA (see above)
* Publisher: Elsevier Science B.V.
P.O. Box 521, 1000 AM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
WWW: http://www.elsevier.com/
IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing,
IEEE Signal Processing Magazine,
IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing: OBSOLETE
* Contact: IEEE (see above)
Free Speech Journal
* Description: A Web Journal dedicated to the state of the art in
human language technology. Past volumes, editorial and submission
information, and so on are
* Contact: Editor-In-Chief: Ron Cole: cole@cse.ogi.edu
WWW: http://www.cse.ogi.edu/CSLU/fsj/html/masthead.html
Linguistics Abstracts Online
* Description: online access to all abstracts published in
Linguistics Abstracts since 1985, plus all current material as it
becomes available. Over 250 publications are indexed. Free trial
available.
http://www.blackwellpublishers.co.uk/labs/
Computational Linguistics
* Contact: Published by Computational Linguistics Assoc. (see above)
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America (JASA)
* Contact: Published by Acoustical Society of America (see above)
International Journal of Speech Technology (was the AVIOS Journal)
* Description: Focuses on speech technology and its applications,
and promotes research and description of all aspects of speech
input and output: applications, base technology, theory, approach,
experiment, and testing.
* Publisher: Kluwer Academic Publishers
101 Philip Drive, Norwell, MA 02061, USA
Ph: +1-617-871-6300, Fax: +1-617-871-0449
* Submissions to: International Journal of Speech Technology
Journals Editorial Office, Ms. Kelly Riddle
Kluwer Academic Publishers
(Address, phone, fax as above)
Email: krkluwer@world.std.com
Conferences
ICSLP: Intl. Conference on Spoken Language Processing
Next: 30 Nov to 4 Dec, 1998, Sydney, Australia
Held in even years.
ICASSP - Intl. Conf. Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing
Eurospeech
Computational Linguistics (COLING), held bi-annually
International Voice Input/Output Applications Conference
SST: Australian Speech Science and Technology Conference
Also see the following lists on the WWW:
Shikano's WWW site on Speech and Acoustics
http://www.aist-nara.ac.jp/IS/Shikano-lab/database/internet-res
ource/e-www-site.html
Institute of Phonetic Sciences WWW list
http://fonsg3.let.uva.nl/Other_pages.html#Meetings
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.6: Handicap Aids
The following are products and companies which support users who can
benefit from the use of speech technology in a user interface. Please
feel free to submit information on relevant products, names of
companies and links to useful information on the Internet (especially
WWW sites).
[Of course, most of the products listed in Q5.5 and Q6.5 are useful.]
* Man-Machine Interfacing
* SpeechViewer II
Man-Machine Interfacing
* Description: Offers a service designed for people with physical
challenges. Can successfully implement a computerized voice
controlled system adapted to unique needs.
They have developed a free-standing microphone and signal
processing system to compensate for speech/articulation
distortions, and background noise produced by electronic devices
such as wheelchairs and respirators.
* Contact: Man-Machine Interfacing
P.O. Box 5371, Evanston, IL 60204
Ph: 1-888-425-2001, Fax : (847) 328-7975
Email: jwhite@mcs.com
WWW: http://www.speechrec.com/
SpeechViewer II
* Platform: IBM Machines from Mod 25 on.
* Description: SpeechViewer II is a speech therapy tool. It provides
graphical feedback of various speech features so that speech
impaired individuals can improve their speech. It works with an
audio bandwidth of 7.3 Khz and thus allows the therapist to work
with sustained vowels and fricatives. A wide range of graphics are
used to provide adequate variability to hold client interest. An
extensive set of statistics are gathered which allows a therapist
to do research or keep therapy records. The speech therapy modules
are:
+ Awareness - Sound, Loudness, Pitch, Voicing Onset, Voicing
+ Skill Building - Pitch, Voicing, Phonology
+ Patterning - Pitch & Loudness - Waveform & Spectrogram,
Spectra
+ Clinical Management - Profiles, Models, Client Data
A multilingual option is available which provides support for 12
languages: Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Icelandic,
Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish, Swedish, and UK English.
With the Multilingual Option, clinicians can use SpeechViewer II
as a training tool for English as a second language and for
foreign language training.
* Hardware: Requires an IBM M-ACPA (Multimedia-Audio Capture
Playback Adapter). It has a TI TMS320C25 DSP chip. The input
sampling rate is 44.1 Khz stereo, 88.2 Khz mono. This is a 16 bit
card. It has the following jacks: mic in, stereo line in, stereo
line out, speaker out. Note: This card is being replaced by Mwave
technology. For more info on Mwave contact Texas Instruments.
* Price:
+ The software is $2130 list, $1491 educational, part number
92F2066.
+ The M-ACPA is $370 list, $222 educational, part number
92F3378.
+ The MicroChannel adapter part number is 92F3379 (same price).
* Contact: IBM Special Needs Information
1000 N. W. 51st Street, Internal Zip 5432, Boca Raton, Florida
33431, USA
Ph: 1-800-426-4832, TDD: 1-800-426-4833, Fax: 1-407-982-6059
Email: IBM_SPEC_NEEDS_INFO@vnet.ibm.com
WWW: http://www.austin.ibm.com/pspinfo/snsspv2.html
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.7: Speech databases
A wide range of speech databases have been collected. These databases
are primarily for the development of speech synthesis/recognition and
for linguistic research.
Some databases are free but most are not. The databases normally
require lots of storage space (100's of MBytes is not unusual). Do not
expect to be able to ftp large amounts of speech data.
In addition to the descriptions of speech databases and speech
database providers below, information can be obtained from
LDC: Linguistic Data Consortium
Provides a very wide range of speech and text data to research
and commercial users: see below.
COCOSDA Home Page: http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/cocosda/
The International Committee for the Co-ordination and
Standardisation of Speech Databases and Assesment Techniques
for Speech Input/Output.
Shikano's WWW site on Speech and Acoustics
http://www.aist-nara.ac.jp/IS/Shikano-lab/database/internet-res
ource/e-www-site.html
RELATOR Project
European resource initiative: see below.
The following speech data resources are described in the FAQ.
* Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals
* BUPT Spoken Digit Database (Chinese)
* Center for Spoken Language Understanding (CSLU)
* Examples of IPA Symbols
* Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC)
* NOISEX
* Oxford Acoustic Phonetic Database
* Phonemic Samples
* RELATOR project
* ShATR
* University of Victoria Phonetic Database
Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals
* Description: The Bavarian Archive for Speech Signals (BAS) was
founded in January 1995 as an initiative of the Institute of
Phonetics at the University of Munich, Germany. The BAS will
develop, validate, administrate and disseminate corpora of spoken
German to the speech community as well as to speech engineering
industry. Presently the following German speech corpora are
available on ISO 9660 CDROM:
Siemens 1000 - SI1000
5 CDROMs, newspaper corpus, read speech, 10 speakers x
1000 utterances
Siemens 100 - SI100
7 CDROMs, read speech, 101 speakers x 100 sentences
PhonDat 1 - PD1
6 CDROMs, new edition in preparation, read speech, 201
speakers x 450+ sentences
PhonDat 2 - PD2
1 CDROM, read speech, 2nd edition, 16 speakers x 200
sentences, various labelled information
Verbmobil
Spontaneous speech recorded in a dialog task (appointment
scheduling). More information on the VERBMOBIL project:
http://www.dfki.uni-sb.de/verbmobil/
Corpora in Preparation
PhonDat I - PD1: 2nd extended edition (Jul 1995)
Strange Corpora - SC
Reference Corpora that reflect certain well known
problems in speech processing, like accents, repair,
breaks, hesitations, repetitions, extreme F0, backround
noise, pathological speech, speaker adaptation. The first
SC corpus (SC1 Accents) will be edited in Jul 1995.
BAS Edition of Verbmobil Corpora - VM: 2nd extended edition
Articulatory data - AD: EMA data of speakers of SI1000 corpus
ERBA: 10000 utterances from a train inquiry task
* Misc: BAS is currently developing tools for the automatic
annotation and segmentation of very large speech corpora. This
includes the automatic detection of variants of pronunciation, a
statistical based alignment and a rule-based refinement of the
outcome. The BAS seeks to cooperate with public institutions as
well as with industrial partners to further develop new German
speech databases. BAS can be a platform to re-distribute existing
German speech.
* Contact and More Information: The BAS is located at the University
of Munich, Germany.
BAS c/o Institut fuer Phonetik
Schellingstr. 3/II
80799 Muenchen, Germany
Ph: +49-89-21802758, Fax: +49-89-2800362
Email: bas@sun1.phonetik.uni-muenchen.de
WWW: http://www.phonetik.uni-muenchen.de/BASSeng.html
BUPT Spoken Digit Database (Chinese)
* Vocabulary : {0, 1/yi/, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 1/yao/, /dui/,
/cuo/ }, 13 words in total.
* Size: 1202 speakers in total, 789 Males and 413 Females. Each
speaker utters each word 2 times. Total of 31252 utterances.
* Format: 8000Hz 14bit sampling. One utterance per file.
* Contact:
GLuck Co.
195 Berlioz 1C, Nun's Island
Verdun H3E 1C1, Canada
e-mail: weigang@zaphod.math.mcgill.ca
Center for Spoken Language Understanding (CSLU)
* The ISOLET speech database of spoken letters of the English
alphabet. The speech is high quality (16 kHz with a noise
cancelling microphone). 150 speakers x 26 letters of the English
alphabet twice in random order. The ISOLET data base can be
purchased for $100 by sending an email request to
vincew@cse.ogi.edu. (This covers handling, shipping and medium
costs). The data base comes with a technical report describing the
data.
* CSLU has a telephone speech corpus of 1000 English alphabets.
Callers recite the alphabet with brief pauses between letters.
This database is available to not-for-profit institutions for
$100. The data base is described in the proceedings of the
International Conference on Spoken Language Processing.
+ Contact vincew@cse.ogi.edu if interested.
* CSLU has released for universities its Continuous English Speech
Corpus. The corpus contains recorded speech from 690 different
speakers, with label files at various levels - including word
level and phonetic labels. The data were collected as part of the
OGI Multi-language telephone corpus. CSLU provides speech corpora
to all universities without charge. To order a corpus, print the
license agreement/order form, complete it, and fax it to the CSLU.
A description of the corpora and an order form are available:
http://www.cse.ogi.edu/CSLU/
ftp://speech.cse.ogi.edu/pub/releases
* Contact: Mike Noel: noel@cse.ogi.edu
Examples of IPA Symbols
UCLA Sounds of the World's Languages
* Description: The UCLA Sounds of the World's Languages are
available for Macintosh users (no DOS based system currently
available). The sounds are stored in a Hypercard database
developed at the UCLA Phonetics Laboratory. The aim is to
illustrate and teach about the range of sounds used in human
languages with material on more than 80 languages. The set
demonstrates particular highlights of the sound systems focusing
especially on rarer sounds that students may not otherwise have a
chance to hear from a native speaker. The recordings are based on
the archives of recordings collected at UCLA, with additional
contributions from outside collaborators. All the languages can be
accessed from the list of language names, or by clicking on the
language name in a set of maps. Support for part of this work was
provided by NSF. The database currently includes examples of
languages from Agul and Akan to Zulu.
* Availability: 15 DSDD disks, requiring about 35 meg of disk space
when expanded. Available for $50 individual $100 institutions.
Prepayment in US dollars (checks or international money orders
payable to "UC Regents") must accompany all orders.
* Contact: The UCLA Phonetics Laboratory
Linguistics Department, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 1543
Tel: (310) 825-1254
E-mail: oldfogey@ucla.edu
John Eslings "IPA Labels"
* Description: A HyperCard stack which is available for free or a
nominal fee.
* Contact: John Esling can be reached by email: pdb@uvvm.uvic.ca.
Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC)
The LDC was established to broaden the collection and distribution of
speech and natural language data bases for the purposes of research
and technology development in automatic speech recognition, natural
language processing and other areas where large amounts of linguistic
data are needed. Detailed information on the LDC is now available on
the WWW: http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/. The LDC WWW server provides
information on membership agreements, license agreements, and
summaries of speech and text corpora available.
Speech Corpora
* TIMIT Acoustic-Phonetic Continuous Speech Corpora and NYNEX
Telephone Version of TIMIT Corpus (NTIMIT)
* Resource Management Corpora
* Air Travel Information System (ATIS) Corpora (multiple)
* ARPA Continuous Speech Recognition Corpora (WSJ etc)
* Switchboard Corpus of Recorded Telephone Conversations and
Switchboard Corpus Excerpts (Credit Card Conversations)
* Texas Instruments 46-Word Speaker-Dependent Isolated Word Corpus
(TI46)
* Texas Instruments Speaker-Independent Connected-Digit Corpus
(TIDIGITS)
* Road Rally Conversational Speech Corpus
* HCRC Map Task Corpus
* Air Traffic Control Corpus (ATC0)
* SPIDRE Speaker Identification Corpus
* YOHO Speaker Verification Corpus
* OGI Multi-Language Corpus and OGI Spelled and Spoken Telephone
Corpus
* BRAMSHILL
* MACROPHONE
* King Corpus for Speaker Verification Research
* WSJCAM0: Cambridge Read News Corpus
* TRAINS Spoken dialog corpus
* NYNEX PhoneBook Database
* Frontiers in Speech Processing
Text Corpora
* Association for Computational Linguistics Data Collection
Initiative (ACL/DCI)
* The Penn Treebank Project - Release 2
* TIPSTER Information Retrieval Text Research Collection
* United Nations Parallel Text Corpus (English, French, Spanish)
* Japanese Language Financial New
* European Corpus Initiative-1
Lexical Databases
* CELEX Lexical Database
* COMLEX : COMmon LEXical Database of English (English syntax and
pronunciation)
Contact information:
Linguistic Data Consortium
3615 Market Street, Suite 200, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-2608, USA.
Phone: +1 (215) 898-0464 Fax: +1 (215) 573-2175
e-mail: ldc@ldc.upenn.edu
WWW: http://www.ldc.upenn.edu/
NOISEX-92
* Description: Database of recording of various noises available on
2 CDROMs. Some material from the same source is available by
anonymous ftp in the IEEE's Signal Processing Information Base.
The samples include
+ Voice babble
+ Factory noise
+ HF radio channel noise, pink noise, white noise
+ Various military noises; fighter jets (Buccaneer, F16),
destroyer noises (engine room, operations room), tank noise
(Leopard, M109), machine gun
+ Volvo 340
* Availability 1: The cost of this database is 135 Pounds Sterling
for the set of two CD-ROMs. Send payment with order to:
The Speech Research Unit,
Ex1, DRA Malvern, St.Andrew's Road,
Malvern, Worcestershire, WR14 3PS, UK
Tel +44-684-894074 Fax +44-684-894384
Note: The supply of CD-ROMs is limited so please check that they
are still available before placing an order. The only acceptable
methods of payment are cheques (from the UK only) or bank drafts
in Pounds Sterling drawn on a UK bank. They should be made payable
to:-
Public Sub Account HMG 4768.
* Availability 2: Information on how to obtain a copy of the NATO
RSG.10 NOISE-ROM-0 can be obtained from the DRA Speech Research
Unit (address above) or from:
Dr. Herman Steeneken,
TNO Institute for Perception,
P.O. Box 23, 3769 ZG Soesterberg,
The Netherlands.
* Availability 3 (WWW): Examples of the NOISEX database are
available on the Rice University Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
group home page. (Note the files are large (>20MB).
http://spib.rice.edu/spib/select_noise.html
Oxford Acoustic Phonetic Database
* Available on compact disc, from J. Pickering and B. Rosner. It
contains data on vowel-consonant and consonant-vowel combinations
in both stressed and unstressed locations. The language covered
include French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, British
English, Spanish and English. For further information write to
Electronic Publishing, Oxford University
Press, Walton Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, UK.
The ISBN is 0-19-268086-2
* Contact:
Prof. B. Rosner
Dept. of Experimental Psychology
South Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3UD, UK
email: burton.rosner@wolfson.ox.ac.uk
Phonemic Samples
* Some basic data. The following ftp sites have samples of English
phonemes (American accent I believe) in Sun audio format files.
See Question 1.8 for information on audio file formats.
ftp://sounds.sdsu.edu/.1/: This ftp site appears to be
obsolete. Does anyone know a new address?
ftp://phloem.uoregon.edu/pub/Sun4/lib/phonemes: There appears
to be some config problem with this ftp server.
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/multimedia/sun-sounds/
The RELATOR project
* Description: RELATOR is a European-wide consortium of researchers
who, with the support of the European Commission, are striving to
establish a European repository of linguistic resources.
Linguistic resources comprise a variety of spoken and written
language materials, including lexicons, grammars, corpora, and
spoken language databases. RELATOR will ensure that the
requirements of the European language processing community receive
attention.
The RELATOR WWW pages provide information on the consortium, The
languages currently covered by the RELATOR consortium include
Danish, Dutch, English, French, German, Greek, Italian,
Portuguese, Spanish plus multilingual resources. The resources
include both text and speech.
* WWW: http://cristal.icp.grenet.fr/Relator/homepage.html
ShATR
* Description: Multi-simultaneous-speaker corpus available on one
CDROM. This specialised corpus is primarily intended to provide
acoustic material for studies in auditory scene analysis. However
many researchers in the speech sciences, ranging from acoustics to
discourse analysis may find it a valuable source of information.
The corpus has been transcribed and aligned at four different
levels of analysis. An overlap analysis between the individual
speaker channels and word counts are available. There is also a
general tool for accessing concurrent events in transcribed
multi-sound-source databases.
* Cost: 30 Pounds Sterling for one CD-ROM. Availability, licensing
and ordering information is provided on ShATR's home page.
* Examples: Samples of the ShATR database are available on ShATR's
home page and by anonymous ftp
ftp://ftp.dcs.shef.ac.uk/share/spandh/ShATR/
* Contact: Speech and Hearing Research Group
Department of Computer Science, University of Sheffield
Regents Court, 211 Portobello Street, Sheffield S1 4DP, U.K.
WWW:
http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/research/groups/spandh/pr/ShATR/ShATR.ht
ml
University of Victoria Phonetic Database
* Platform: Computerized Speech Lab CSL4300, MultiSpeech on Winxx or
Win95 with any multimedia card, or a SoundBlaster16 option with
support from the PDBAUDIO program.
* Description: Phonetic database consisting of proprietary format
digitized speech samples from 45 world languages on CDROM. The
CDROM is supported by hardcopy documentation containing the
phonetic inventory of each language, transcriptions and
orthography of each digitized speech sample. The PDB depicts and
compares the the sounds, symbols and conventions of transcription
used by these languages. More information is available from the
STR web site.
* Contact: Speech Technology Research Ltd.,
Suite B - 1623 McKenzie Avenue, Victoria, B.C. V8N 1A6, Canada
Ph: +1-250-477-0544
Email: products@speechtech.com
WWW: http://www.speechtech.com/home/speechtech/
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.8: Speech File Formats and Conversion
Q2.7 of this FAQ has information on mu-law coding.
A very good and very comprehensive list of audio file formats is
prepared by Guido van Rossum. The list is posted regularly to comp.dsp
and alt.binaries.sounds.misc, amongst others. It includes information
on sampling rates, hardware, compression techniques, file format
definitions, format conversion, standards, programming hints and lots
more. It is also available by ftp from
WWW: ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/audio/index.html
Text: ftp://ftp.cwi.nl/pub/audio/AudioFormats.part1,2
A useful source of software (Sox, ulaw conversion, SoundKit etc) is:
http://peace.wit.com/sounds/SoundConversion/
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.9: Speech Laboratory Environments and Audio Editors
First, what is a Speech Laboratory Environment? A speech lab is a
software package which provides the capability of recording, playing,
analysing, processing, displaying and storing speech. Your computer
will require audio input/output capability. The different packages
vary greatly in features and capability - best to know what you want
before you start looking around.
Most general purpose audio editing packages will be able to process
speech but do not necessarily have some specialised capabilities for
speech (e.g. formant analysis).
The following article provides a good survey.
* Read, C., Buder, E., & Kent, R. "Speech Analysis Systems: An
Evaluation" Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, pp 314-332,
April 1992.
The following is a list of the speech labs described in the FAQ.
* CSRE: Computerized Speech Research Environment
* DADiSP from DSP Development Corporation
* Entropic Signal Processing System (ESPS) and Waves
* GoldWave
* Kay Elemetrics Computer Speech Lab
* Khoros
* Matlab plus Signal Processing Toolbox
* MacSpeech Lab II
* N!Power
* OGI Speech Tools
* Ptolemy
* Quadravox Speech Processing Products - Qbox
* Speech Filing System (SFS)
* Signalyze 3.0 from InfoSignal
* SoundScope
CSRE: Computerized Speech Research Environment
* Platform: DOS
* Description: CSRE (pronounced "Caesar") is a speech processing
system for the PC. It provides
+ Signal recording and playback
+ Signal editing
+ Pitch and spectral analysis and formant analysis
+ Speech synthesis with an implementation of the Klatt-1980
parametric speech synthesizer
* Requirements: PC compatible (80486DX), 1 Meg RAM (recommend 4M),
DOS 3.2 (recommend 6.22), VGA graphics (640x480; 16 colors) 30 Meg
of hard disk space (5 Meg for CSRE plus space for audio
recordings), and a supported audio card .
* Cost: See AVAAZ WWW Pages
* Contact: AVAAZ Innovations Inc.
P.O.Box 8040, 1225 Wonderland Rd. N, London, Ontario, CANADA, N6G
2B0
Ph: +1-519-472-7944, Fax: +1-519-472-7814
Email: info@avaaz.com
WWW: http://www.icis.on.ca/homepages/avaaz/
* Note: See also the CSRE entry in Q5.5 on speech synthesisers.
DADiSP from DSP Development Corporation
* Platform: Windows and various Unix
* Description: DADiSP is designed for scientists and engineers to
collect, analyze, and display scientific and technical data.
Packages available include AdvDSP, Controls, DADiMP, Filters,
GPIBLab, NeuralNet, and Stats.
A description of the application of DADiSP to speech processing is
provided on the DSP Development Corporation WWW site.
Detailed product information is available on the DSP Development
Corporation WWW site and by filling out a WWW form.
* Cost: Unknown
* Availability: See the DSP Development Corporation WWW site
A free, fully featured demo of DADiSP 4.0 is available from the
DSP Development Corporation WWW site and can be mailed on floppy
disk.
A special Student Edition of DADiSP is available for free.
* Contact: DSP Development Corporation
One Kendall Square, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
Ph: (617) 577-1133 Fax: (617) 577-8211
EMail: info@dadisp.com
WWW: http://www.dadisp.com/
Entropic Signal Processing System (ESPS) and Waves
* Platform: Range of Unix platforms.
* Description: ESPS is a comprehensive set of speech
analysis/processing tools for the UNIX environment. The package
includes UNIX commands, and a comprehensive C library (which can
be accessed from other languages). Waves is a graphical front-end
for speech processing. Speech waveforms, spectrograms, pitch
traces etc can be displayed, edited and processed in X windows and
Openwindows (versions 2 & 3). Waves also includes a signal
labelling utility which provides multiple feature labelling and
useful features for fast labelling of large speech databases.
Other Entropic products are HTK (see Q6.5) and TrueTalk (see
Q5.5).
* Misc: A more detailed description is provided on the Entropic WWW
pages (http://www.entropic.com/esps.html).
* Cost: On request.
* Contact:
Entropic Research Laboratory, Washington Research Laboratory
600 Pennsylvania Ave, S.E. Suite 202, Washington, D.C. 20003
(202) 547-1420
email: info@entropic.com
WWW: http://www.entropic.com/
GoldWave
* Platform: Windows
* Description: GoldWave is a digital audio editor for Microsoft
Windows. It features realtime amplitude/spectrum oscilloscopes,
large file editing, effects, and support for a wide variety of
sound formats.
+ Editing of multiple waveforms and large waveforms
+ Realtime amplitude/spectrum oscilloscopes
+ Resizable device controls window for accessing audio devices
+ Realtime fast forward and rewind playback
+ Effects: distortion, Doppler, echo, filter, mechanize,
offset, pan, volume shaping, invert, resample, transpose, etc
+ Multiple file formats and conversions: .WAV, .AU, .IFF, .VOC,
.SND, .MAT, .AIFF, and raw data
+ CD-ROM controls window
More information is available on the GoldWave home page.
* Cost: Shareware
* Availability: Through the GoldWave home page:
http://web.cs.mun.ca/~chris3/goldwave/goldwave.html
* Contact: Chris Craig: chris3@cs.mun.ca
Kay Elemetrics CSL (Computer Speech Lab) 4300
* Platform: Minimum IBM PC-AT compatible with extended memory (min
2MB) with at least VGA graphics. More powerful machines
preferable.
* Description: Speech analysis package, with optional separate LPC
program for analysis/synthesis. Uses its own file format for data,
but has some ability to export data as ascii. The main
editing/analysis prog (but not the LPC part) has its own macro
language, making it easy to perform repetitive tasks.
Options - more information on the Kay Elemetrics Corp. WWW site:
+ Multi-Dimensional Voice Program (MDVP)
+ Voice Range Profile (Phonetograph)
+ Real-Time Spectrogram
+ Sona-Match
+ Palatometer Database
+ IPA Transcription Tutorial
+ Delayed Auditory Feedback (DAF)
+ Disordered Voice Database
+ Auditory Perception Program and Database
+ Motor Speech Profile Program
+ CSL-Pitch
+ Real-Time EGG Processing
+ Signal Enhancement in Noise Program
+ Synthesis Program
+ DAT Interface and Four Channel Input
+ Phonetic Database
+ Direct-to-Disk Program
+ Programmers Kit
+ Condenser Microphone
+ Multi-Speech
* Cost: Contact Kay Elemetrics Corp.
* Contact: Kay Elemetrics Corp.
2 Bridgewater Lane, Lincoln Park, NJ 07035, USA
Ph: +1-201-628-6200, Fax: +1-201-628-6363
Toll free tel. 1-800-289-5297
[WWW: http://www.kayelemetrics.com/ - available soon]
Khoros
* Platform: Any Unix - source code available.
* Description: Khoros is a technical computing environment for image
and signal processing, visual programming and software
development.
* Price: On request.
* Availability: Khoral Research Inc.
6001 Indian School Rd. NE Suite 200, Albuquerque, NM 87110, USA
Ph: (505)837-6500, Fax: (505) 881-3842
Email: info@khoral.com
ftp: ftp://ftp.khoral.com/
WWW: http://www.khoral.com/
Matlab plus Signal Processing Toolbox
* Platform: Wide range
* Description: Matlab (MATrix LABoratory) is a technical computing
environment for numerical computation and visualization based on a
matrix oriented, interpreted programming language. The programming
environment provides support for the development of customized
operations, along with debugging facilities and a graphical user
interface toolkit. Audio output is provided.
A specialised Signal Processing Toolbox is available which
provides many functions which are useful for speech analysis. It
includes filter design, spectral estimation, statistical signal
processing, waveform generation, and signal and spectrogram
display.
A specialised Auditory Toolbox is available which contains
functions useful to people interested in auditory/cochlear models.
A more detailed description is given in Q1.10.
* Price: On request.
* Contact: The Math Works Inc. 24 Prime Park Way, Natick, MA
01760-1500 USA
Ph: 1-508-653 1415 Fax: 1-508-653 6284
Email: info@mathworks.com
ftp: ftp://ftp.mathworks.com
WWW: http://www.mathworks.com/
MacSpeech Lab II (MSL II)
* Platform: Macintosh
* Description: A sound analysis and acquisition for Macs. MSL II
delivers the most common functions for speech analysis (FFTs,
LPCs, f0 extraction, etc.) & produces grayscale spectrographic
displays. Can be used for various speech technology and phonetic
training tasks.
* Hardware: Requires MacADIOS ("Macintosh Analog/Digital
Input/Output System") hardware for speech I/O at 12/16 bits.
* Misc: Software no longer updated by GW Instruments; MSL
soft/hardware will not perform input/output on Quadras, for
example, though analysis seems fine. Known to operate properly on
systems as high as IIcx & II fx.
* Availability: MSL has been replaced by SoundScope; see the
SoundScope entry for more detail.
* Contact:
GW Instruments
35 Medford Street, Somerville, MA 02143, USA
Phone: (617) 625-4096 Fax: (617) 625-1322
N!Power
* Platform: SUN, DEC and HP workstations.
* Description: An object-oriented software package with a MOTIF GUI
interface and a range of functionality for data analysis/editing,
signal analysis, speech processing, real-time A/D and D/A, and
2D/3D interactive graphics. N!Power replaces ILS.
N!Power can provide a Block Diagram user interface, menus,
pop-ups, and a high-level IEEE standard symbolic scripting
language. You can customize the blocks, menus and pop-ups with
mouse point-and-click operations.
* Contact: Signal Technology, Inc.
104 W. Anapamu, Suite J, Santa Barbara, CA 93101-3126
Phone: +1-805-899-8300, Fax: +1-805-899-4344
Email: stisales@signal.com
WWW: http://www.silcom.com/~stilarry/
OGI Speech Tools
* Developers from the Center for Spoken Language Understanding
(CSLU) at the Oregon Graduate Institute of Science and Technology
(Portland Oregon)
* Platform: Unix
* Description: The OGI Speech tools include :
+ An X windows display tool (LYRE) for displaying data in a
time synchronous fashion for a. the speech signal b.
spectrograms c. phoneme labels, and other information.
+ A Neural Network (NOPT) training package.
+ An set of C library routines (LIBNSPEECH) for the
manipulation of speech data, including: a. PLP Analysis, b.
Rasta PLP Analysis, c. Linear Predictive Coding, d. Mel
Cepstrum Coding, e. Fast Fourier Transform
+ A set of utilities for converting file formats such as ADC,
NIST, mu-law, binary files, and ascii. Includes filtering.
+ A database utility (find_phone) to automate speech database
related enquiries. It allows the user to specify a particular
label or set of labels in a given context, display all
occurrences of the label, and relabel the occurrences if
desired.
+ A Vector-Quantizer based on the Linde Buzo and Gray (LBG)
algorithm.
+ A set of PERL Scripts which have been used mainly to automate
the use of the OGI Speech Tools.
+ MAN Pages for all routines and programs developed, as well as
a User manual in both in postscript and tex format.
* Misc: Software is written in ANSI C.
* Contact: Email: tools@cse.ogi.edu
WWW: http://www.cse.ogi.edu/CSLU/
ftp: ftp://speech.cse.ogi.edu/pub/tools/
Ptolemy
* Platform: Sun SPARC, DecStation (MIPS), HP (hppa).
* Description: Ptolemy provides a highly flexible foundation for the
specification, simulation, and rapid prototyping of systems. It is
an object oriented framework within which diverse models of
computation can co-exist and interact. Ptolemy can be used to
model entire systems.
Ptolemy has been used for a broad range of applications including
signal processing, telecomunications, parallel processing,
wireless communications, network design, radio astronomy, real
time systems, and hardware/software co-design. Ptolemy has also
been used as a lab for signal processing and communications
courses. Ptolemy has been developed at UC Berkeley over the past 3
years. Further information, including papers and the complete
release notes, is available from the FTP site.
* Cost: Free
* Availability: The source code, binaries, and documentation are
available by anonymous ftp from
ftp://ptolemy.berkeley.edu/pub/
Quadravox Speech Processing Products - Qbox
* Platform: Windows 3.1, Windows 95
* Description: Qbox comprises a Windows-based LPC-12 analysis and
editing sytem and a parallel-port driven programmer for
one-time-programmable TI TSP50P11 synthesis chips. The analysis
software utilizes standard 11025Hz, 16bit monaural .wav files for
input and allows graphical editing of the coded pitch, gain, and
reflection coefficients. It can also be used to define
concatenation sequences of individual phrases. Data rates depend
on the original sound, but are typically below 2000bits/sec. The
processed data can then be merged with synthesis and control
routines and programmed into the TI synthesizer. The
Quadravox-developed synthesis routine accepts run-time
modifications of pitch and frame-length (speed), as well as
externally defined concatenation sequences. The synthesis chip
interface can be defined as a matrixed-keyboard drive, a simple
parallel control, or a serial bus control supporting up to 31
individually addressed devices and modules.
* Cost: $90-$150 depending on options selected.
* Contact: Quadravox, Inc.
1701 N. Greenville Ave., Suite 608, Richardson, TX, 75081 USA
Ph: 214-669-4002
Email: info@quadravox.com
WWW: http://www.quadravox.com/
Speech Filing System (SFS)
* Platform: Unix and DOS
* Description: SFS provides a computing environment for conducting
speech research. It comprises software tools, file and data
formats, subroutine libraries, graphics, standards and special
programming languages. It performs standard operations such as
recording, replay, waveform editing and labelling, spectrographic
and formant analysis and fundamental frequency estimation. For
more information, see
ftp://pitch.phon.ucl.ac.uk/pub/sfs/README
* Misc: SFS is copyrighted University College London, but is
currently supplied free of charge to research establishments for
non-profit use.
* Availability: SFS source code is available by anonymous FTP from:
ftp://pitch.phon.ucl.ac.uk/pub/sfs/
* Contact: Mark Huckvale
University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
Email: SFS@phonetics.ucl.ac.uk
ftp: ftp://pitch.phon.ucl.ac.uk/pub/sfs/
Signalyze 3.0 from InfoSignal
* Platform: Macintosh
* Description: Signalyze is an interactive program for the analysis
of speech and other acoustic material. Signalyze's basic concept
revolves around the display of up 100 signals in HyperCard
fashion. The program offers a range of signal editing features,
spectral analysis tools, manual scoring tools, pitch extraction
routines, signal manipulation tools, and extensive input-output
capacity. It also has a range of capabilities for creating,
editing and manipulating label files with flexibility in labelling
format.
Signalyze handles the following file formats: Signalyze, MacSpeech
Lab, AudioMedia, SoundDesigner II, SoundEdit/MacRecorder,
SoundWave, sound resource formats, and ASCII-text.
Sound I/O: Direct sound input from Apple 8- or 16-bit sound input
Sound output via Macintosh 8- or 16-bit sound.
* Compatibility: MacPlus and higher. Takes advantage of large
screens, multiple screens and 16/256 color/grayscales. System 7.0
compatible. Runs in background with adjustable priority.
* Misc: Manuals and tutorials included (250 pp.). Program is
switchable to English, French, and German. For more information
and demo:
WWW: http://www.agoralang.com:2410/pubdirsoftware.html
WWW: http://www.agoralang.com:2410/signalyze.html
Gopher: gopher://uldns1.unil.ch:70/11/unilgophers/gopher_lett/LAIP
* Cost: Individual licence US$450, departmental license US$750,
organisational license US$1250, plus shipping. Upgrades from
version 2.0 are available.
* Contact: The Americas: Network Technology Corporation
91 Baldwin St., Charlestown, MA 02129, USA
Phone: +1-617-241-9205, Fax: +1-617-241-5064
---
Elsewhere: InfoSignal Inc.
C.P. 73, 1015 LAUSANNE, Switzerland,
Fax: +41 21 691-1372,
Email: 76357.1213@COMPUSERVE.COM
SoundScope
* Platform: Macintosh: 68K and PowerPC native
* Description: The SoundScope product family is used primarily in
speech teaching & research, with some applications in animal
sounds, forensics, and general acoustic analysis. It can record,
view, analyze, play, copy, paste, store and print sound waveforms.
Analysis functions include spectrogram, fundamental frequency
(Fo), Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) including formant tracking,
LPC residual, jitter (pitch perturbation), shimmer (amplitude
perturbation), HNR, frequency spectrum, spectral slice, envelope,
energy and zero crossing. Includes limited built-in filtering,
runs any filter created with WLFDAP. An integrated text editor
stores notes and calculation results. SoundScope lets you design
your own custom "instrument" screen, tasks (macros) and menus.
Supplied instruments include 1 channel analyser (dual snap, dual
time, spectrogram, spectrum), 2 channel analyser, segment
analyser, multi-channel recorder, etc.
* Note: Supercedes MacSpeech Lab II.
* Price: $490 to $4990, less educational discount
* Availability: In North America, directly from GW Instruments.
Contact the company for international distributors.
* Contact: GW Instruments
35 Medford Street, Somerville, MA 02143, USA
Ph: +1-617-625-4096, Fax: +1-617-625-1322
Email: info@gwinst.com
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.10: Speech Research Sites
Rather than try to list the places round the world which perform
speech research this FAQ lists sites on the WWW where other
comprehensive lists are maintained. Try the following:
Shikano's WWW site on Speech and Acoustics
http://www.aist-nara.ac.jp/IS/Shikano-lab/database/internet-res
ource/e-www-site.html
Lists of speech research sites by country. Currently includes
around 100 sites. The list of Japanese sites is particularly
comprehensive.
Mambo Speech Research List
http://mambo.ucsc.edu/psl/speech.html
Lists about 50 speech research sites and related information
sources. Very nice presentation!
ESCA: European Speech Communication Association
http://ophale.icp.grenet.fr/esca/labos.html
Links to around 15 European speech research sites and around 15
related sources of information.
Institute for Perception Research: Speech on the Web
http://www.tue.nl/ipo/hearing/webspeak.htm
Jan Roelof de Pijper at the Institute for Perception Research
has a long list of research sites plus links to lots of other
speech material on the WWW.
Russ Wilcox's list of Commercial Speech Recognition
http://www.tiac.net/users/rwilcox/speech.html
Links to information on speech technology vendors, speech
research labs, speech resources, on-line demos and more.
Speech Groups List: Leeds University Cognitive Psychology
Research Group
http://lethe.leeds.ac.uk/research/cogn/speechlab/other.html
List of about 25 research sites.
Institute of Phonetic Sciences, Amsterdam
http://fonsg3.let.uva.nl/Other_pages.html#Phonetics
Good list of European sites.
Speech and Hearing Research Group, University of Sheffield,
UK
http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/research/groups/spandh/world/misclink
s.html
Links to sites in the UK, USA, Europe and the rest of the
world.
Duncan M. Forrest's Speech Recognition Resource List
http://www.skye.co.za/dmf/speech/
Most speech research sites have links to other speech research sites
somewhere in their WWW pages.
___________________________________________________________________________
Q1.11: Miscellaneous Software and Resources.
Speech Interface Standards: APIs etc
* ASAPI: Advanced Speech API (AT&T)
* SAPI: Microsoft Windows Speech API
* SRAPI: Speech Recognition API
* TAPI: Microsoft Windows Telephony API
Network "Phone" Software
* CUSeeMe
* CyberPhone
* DigiPhone
* InterFACE from Hijinx
* FAQ: How can I use the Internet as a telephone?
* Nautilus: Secure Computer Telephony
* NEVOT (1.4v) from AT&T BL
* PGPfone
* Speak Freely
* Internet Phone from VocalTec
* WebPhone
* WebTalk
Audio Processing Software
* AF version AF3R1
* Voice E-Mail from Bonzi Software
* MicNotePad Recording Software for Macs
* MixViews
* Network Audio System Release 1.1
* NIST Software - SPHERE and SCORE
* Sound Processing Kit
* TCPplay
Human Audio Perception
Other useful information on Auditory Modeling can be found in
Malcolm Slaney's home page
http://www.interval.com/~malcolm/
Martin Cooke's home page
Speech and Hearing Research Group, Dept of Computer Science,
University of Sheffield, UK.
http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/~martin/
* Auditory Modeller 1
* Auditory Modeller 2
* Auditory Toolbox for Matlab
* Human Audio Perception Document
Dictionaries and other Lexical Tools
* BEEP dictionary
* CMU dictionary
* CUVOLAD dictionary (Oxford Dictionary)
* Comprehensive Word List
* EAT: Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus
* Homophone List
* Moby Lexical Resources
* MRC Psycholinguistic Database
* WordNet
* Dictionaries on the WWW
Phonetic Fonts and Phonetic Samples
* International Phonetic Alphabet
* WWW: Phonetic Fonts and Examples Online
* Summer Institute of Linguistics IPA Fonts
* Phonetic Fonts for TeX and LaTeX
* Yamada Language Center
Subjective Evaluation of Speech Quality
Dynastat, Inc.
Speech Intelligibility Testing with Diagnostic Rhyme Test
(DRT), Modified Rhyme Test (MRT), Phonetically Balanced Word
Lists (PB), Diagnostic Medial Consonant Test (DMCT), Diagnostic
Alliteration Test (DALT), ICAO Spelling Alphabet Test (SpAT)
Speech Quality (Acceptability) Evaluation with Diagnostic
Acceptability Measure (DAM), Mean Opinion Score (MOS),
Degredation Mean Opinion Score (DMOS)
Contact: Dynastat, Inc.
2704 Rio Grande, Suite 4, Austin, TX 78705, USA
Ph: +1-512-476-4797, Fax: 512/472-2883
Email: sharpley@dynastat.com
WWW: http://www.bga.com/dynastat/
ANSI S3.2-1989: American National Standard for Measuring the
Intelligibility of Speech Over Connunication Systems
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Ph: +1-212-642-4900, Fax: +1-212-398-0023
WWW: http://www.ansi.org/
Louis Pols' List of References on Synthesis Development And Assessment
700 references:
http://www.itl.atr.co.jp/cocosda/output/synth.refs
Very Miscellaneous
* The vOICe
* The Learning Company's Language Training
* Wildfire - an Electronic Assistant
ASAPI: Advanced Speech API (AT&T)
* Description: The AT&T ASAPI Specification is a open,
cross-platform, easy-to-use speech API that can support speech
engines from AT&T and other vendors. ASAPI does not replace the
Microsoft Speech API, but it provides extensions and enhancements
to the Microsoft SAPI Specification including support for
SAPI-compatible applications.
The ASAPI Specification defines two types of interfaces. The
"ASAPI Extensions" interface which provides extensions to the
MS-SAPI interface as well as C++ class encapsulation of SAPI
functionality. The "Visual ASAPI" interface provides an even
higher-level abstraction of SAPI/ASAPI low-level functionality
such that application developers can quickly and easily embed
speech technology into existing or new applications. Special
Purpose Recognizers are examples of Visual ASAPI interfaces which
integrate lower-level functionality that an application developer
can access via a simple interface.
* More information: Contact Jose Garcia at AT&T on (908) 957-5457 or
by email: jrg@att.com. For more information on the WATSON Speech
Engine which supports ASAPI and news about ASAPI please visit the
AT&T Advanced Speech Products Group home page or call
1-800-5-WATSON.
SAPI: Microsoft Windows Speech API
* Platform: Windows 95 and Windows NT 3.51
* Description: The Microsoft Speech API provides applications with
the ability to incoporate speech recognition (command & control or
dictation) or text-to-speech, using either C/C++ or Visual Basic.
SAPI follows the OLE Component Object Model (COM) architecture. It
is supported by many major speech technology vendors. The major
interfaces are
+ Voice Commands: high level speech recognition API for command
and control.
+ Voice Text: simple high level text-to-speech API.
+ Speech Recognition: provides detailed control of a speech
recognition engine for both command-and-control and
dictation.
+ Text-to-Speech: provides detailed interface to a
text-to-speech engine for control of playback, speaking
style, voice quality etc.
+ Multimedia Audio Objects: audio I/O for microphones,
headphones, speakers, telephone lines, files etc.
* Availability: Download Microsoft's latest speech technology,
including the Microsoft Speech SDK, command and control
recognition, the Microsoft dictation research demonstration and
text-to-speech.
* More information: Email: MSSpeech@Microsoft.Com
WWW: The Microsoft Speech API
WWW: An Overview of the Microsoft Speech API
Documentation included with the Microsoft SDK.
* See also: TAPI: Microsoft Telephone API
SRAPI: Speech Recognition API
* Platform: Various
* Description: The SRAPI provides support for speech recognition,
text-to-speech and other media playback. The SRAPI Committee is a
nonprofit Utah corporation with the goal of providing solutions
for interaction of speech technology with applications.
Core members include: Novell, Inc., Dragon Systems, IBM, Kurzweil
AI, Intel, and Philips Dictation Systems. Additional contributing
members include Articulate Systems, DEC, Kolvox Communications,
Lernout and Hauspie, Syracuse Language Systems, Voice Control
Systems, Corel, Verbex and Voice Processing Corporation.
* More information: WWW: http://www.srapi.com/
Email: For more information on the SRAPI Developer CD, send email
to srapi@srapi.com with Subject "SRAPI CD Info".
TAPI: Microsoft Windows Telephony API
* Description: TAPI allows applications to support telephone
communication. TAPI facilitates include:
+ Connecting directly to a telephone network.
+ Automatic phone dialing.
+ Transmission of data (files, faxes, electronic mail).
+ Access to data (news, information services).
+ Conference calling.
+ Voice mail.
+ Caller identification.
+ Control of a remote computer.
+ Collaborative computing over telephone lines.
Windows 95 comes with a telephony application, DIALER.EXE, that
can dial voice calls, act as a proxy for applications making
simple telephony requests, and maintain a call log.
* More information: The Win32 Software Development Kit (SDK)
contains documentation, tools, and sample code for TAPI including
the Microsoft Telephony Programmer's Reference and the Microsoft
Telephony Service Provider Interface (TSPI) for Telephony.
WWW: Tapping in TAPI, TAPI White Paper
* See also: SAPI: Microsoft Speech API
CUSeeMe
* Platform: Macintosh and Windows
* Description: Cornell University software for audio and video
conferencing over the Internet.
* Requirments: Macintosh to RECEIVE video:
+ Macintosh platform with a 68020 processor or higher
+ System 7 or higher operating system
+ Minimum 16-level-grayscale (e.g. color)
+ IP network connection and MacTCP
+ Apple's QuickTime, to receive slides with SlideWindow
Macintosh to SEND video:
+ All the above plus
+ Quicktime installed
+ video digitizer (with vdig software) and Camera
For Windows:
+ Video receive only 386SX, Video send & receive 386DX, Video
receive w/Audio 486SX, Video send & receive w/Audio 486DX
+ Windows 3.1 or higher running in Enhanced Mode.
+ Winsock
+ 256 color (8 bit) video driver
+ Video camera and a video capture board that supports
Microsoft Video For Windows
+ For audio: Windows Sound board that conforms to the Windows
MultiMedia Specification, speakers and a microphone
* Availability: Mac: http://cu-seeme.cornell.edu/get_cuseeme.html
Windows: http://cu-seeme.cornell.edu/PC.CU-SeeMeCurrent.html
* More information: http://cu-seeme.cornell.edu/
CyberPhone
* Platform: Sun Workstations running Solaris 2.x (SunOS 5.x)
* Description: Provides voice communications over the internet. Has
a graphical user interface and requires no additional hardware. An
optional centralized server system is available to make finding
and connecting to other users easier.
* Availability: a free demonstration is available by anonymous ftp
ftp://magenta.com/pub/
* Contact: Email: cyberphone@magenta.com. More information is
available on the WWW: http://magenta.com/cyberphone/.
DigiPhone
* Platform: Macintosh, Windows 3.1 and Windows 95
* Description: DigiPhone provides two-way phone conversations by
dialing direct and over the Internet. Includes encryption for
privacy, caller ID, call screening, call timer, adjustable sound
and compression quality, messaging, and access to the Global
Directory providing a database of DigiPhone users.
+ DigiPhone v1.03: provides the standard features listed above.
[ More information].
+ DigiPhone Deluxe: provides the standard features of DigiPhone
v1.03 and adds conference calling, mute, speed dial, call
recording and playback, voice effects, customizations, and
internet tools. [ More information].
+ DigiPhone for Mac: provides the standard features listed
above, plus cross-platform compatibility and mute. [ More
information].
* Requirements: DigiPhone v1.03 requires 386DX/33 or faster, 4MB
RAM, 9,600 bps modem, Sound Blaster 16 card (or any compatible
half or full duplex card), and a local internet connection with
SLIP or PPP. [Recommend 486DX/33 and 14,400 bps modem]
DigiPhone Deluxe has the same requirements on v1.03 but requires
486DX/33 or faster.
DigiPhone for Mac requires a 68030 33Mhz, 68040 25Mhz or Power PC,
4 MB RAM, System 7.x, 14,400 bps modem or better, Sound Manager
3.x for System 7, microphone and speakers, MacTCP or Open
Transport and a local internet connection with SLIP or PPP.
* Price and Availability: Contact Third Planet Publishing for
pricing. Trial software is available from Third Planet Publishing.
Orders and Upgrades can be made on the Web. Also available through
many retailers.
* Contact: Third Planet Publishing, Inc.
17770 Preston Rd, Dallas, Texas 75252, USA
Ph: +1-972-733-3005, Fax: +1-972-380-8712
Email: 3pp@planeteers.com
WWW: http://www.planeteers.com/
InterFACE from Hijinx
* Platform: Windows
* Description: InterFACE provides voice communication on the
Internet through IRC (Internet Relay Chat) services.
* Requirments: Recommend a 486DX, 8meg Ram, Windows, VGA Monitor and
a 16 bit sound card.
* Availability: Available on CD Only for $60.00 US, which includes,
postage and handling.
Demo versions available from the HiJiNX WWW site.
* Contact: HiJiNX, Brisbane, Australia
Email: jester@hijinx.com.au
WWW: http://www.hijinx.com.au/
FAQ: How can I use the Internet as a telephone?
* Description: Kevin M. Savetz and Andrew Sears have prepared an FAQ
document titled _FAQ: How can I use the Internet as a telephone?_
The current document has the following sections:
+ Can I use the Internet as a telephone?
+ What do I need to call others on the Internet?
+ How does it work?
+ How do I make calls using a modem?
+ Is the sound quality as good as a regular telephone?
+ Is there a noticeable delay in hearing the other user?
+ What is the difference between full duplex and half duplex?
+ What is multicasting?
+ Can I talk to users of other phone software?
+ What software is available?
The section on available software covers the following:
+ Mac: Maven, NetPhone, CU-Seeme, PGPfone
+ Windows: Speak Freely, CU-Seeme, Internet Phone, Digiphone,
Internet Voice Chat, Internet Global Phone, Web Phone
+ UNIX: Speak Freely, nevot, vat, mtalk, ztalk
* Availability:
By Email
Mail voice-faq-request@northcoast.com
with "Subject: archive"
and "Body: send voice-faq"
FTP
ftp://rtfm.mit.edu/pub/usenet/alt.internet.services/FAQ:_
How_can_I_use_the_Internet_as_a_telephone?
WWW:
http://rpcp.mit.edu/~asears/voice-faq.html
* Contact: Andrew Sears: asears@mit.edu
Kevin Savetz: savetz@northcoast.com
Nautilus: Secure Computer Telephony
* Platform: DOS, Linux, SunOS, Solaris.
* Description: Nautilus is software which allows two users to hold a
secure conversation with either over ordinary phone lines or over
a computer network. Nautilus uses your computer's audio hardware
to digitize and play back your speech using speech compression
algorithms built into the program. It encrypts the compressed
speech using your choice of the Blowfish, Triple DES, or IDEA
block ciphers, and transmits the encrypted packets over the
internet or your modem to another computer. At the other end, the
process is reversed. Nautilus operates in half duplex mode like a
speakerphone -- only one person can talk at a time. Either user
can hit a key to switch between talking and listening. Audio
quality ranges from fair to very good depending on which of the
four speech coders is selected. The Nautilus WWW page provides
more detailed information.
* Requirements: Nautilus runs on IBM PC-compatible computers
(386DX25 or faster) under MSDOS or Linux as well as audio-capable
Sun workstations running SunOS or Solaris. The MSDOS version of
Nautilus requires a Soundblaster compatible sound card and
currently only runs over ordinary phone lines with a modem. To use
Nautilus over ordinary telephone lines, a modem capable of
connecting at 4800 bps or faster is required.
* Availability: Nautilus is available in three different formats. As
a DOS executable, it is available as an archive in zip format
along with it's associated documentation. In source format, it is
available as either a zip-ed archive, or a gzip-compressed tar
archive.
Nautilus is distributed freely (subject to US export restrictions)
with full source code. This insures that its security can be
independently examined and verified. Follow the instructions in
the following README files to obtain Nautilus.
+ ftp://ftp.csn.org/mpj/README
+ ftp://ripem.msu.edu/pub/crypt/
* More information: WWW: http://www.lila.com/nautilus/
* Contacts: The Nautilus development team includes Bill Dorsey, Paul
Rubin, Andy Fingerhut, Paul Kronenwetter, Bill Soley, and Pat
Mullarky. To contact the developers, send email to
nautilus@lila.com.
NEVOT (1.4v) from AT&T BL
* Platforms: Sun Sparc Station (SunOS 4.1.x) and Silicon Graphics
* Description: Audio-conferencing tool which supports both
point-to-point and broadcasting of audio using multicast IP. Audio
encoding:
+ PCM 64kb/s 8-bits u-law encoded 8KHz PCM (G.711)
+ ADPCM 32 kb/s [Sun only] (G.721)
+ DVI ADPCM 32 kb/s
+ ADPCM 24 kb/s [Sun only] (G.723)
+ CELP 4.8 kb/s
+ LPC 2.4 kb/s
* Availability: by anonymous ftp from
ftp://gaia.cs.umass.edu/pub/hgschulz/nevot
* Contact: Henning Schulzrinne (hgs@researh.att.com)
PGPfone
* Platform: Macintosh and Windows
* Description: Pretty Good Privacy Phone is free secure audio
connection software for the internet. It uses speech compression
and strong cryptography protocols to give you the ability to have
a real-time secure telephone conversation via a modem-to-modem
connection.
* Requirements (Mac): Fast modem: at least 14.4 Kbps V.32bis (28.8
Kbps V.34 recommended). An Apple Macintosh with at least a 25MHz
68LC040 processor (PowerPC recommended), running System 7.1 or
above, Thread Manager 2.0.1, ThreadsLib 2.1.2, and Sound Manager
3.0. (These are available from Apple's FTP sites.)
* Requirements (Windows): Fast modem: at least 14.4 Kbps V.32bis
(28.8 Kbps V.34 recommended). A multimedia PC running Windows 95
or NT, with at least a 66 MHz 486 CPU (Pentium recommended), sound
card, microphone, and speakers or headphones.
* Contact: Jeffrey I. Schiller
Email: jis@mit.edu
WWW: http://web.mit.edu/network/pgpfone/
Speak Freely
* Platform: Windows and Unix
* Description: Free "Internet Phone" software supporting voice mail,
multicasting, encryption and several coding methods. Includes 4
forms of data compression and encryption with DES, IDEA and PGP.
The Windows and Unix versions are compatible. You can designate a
bitmap file to be sent to users who connect so they can see who
they're talking to. The Unix version does not have the graphical
user interface of the Windows edition, but supports all its
compression and encryption modes.
* More information:
http://www.fourmilab.ch/netfone/windows/speak_freely.html
Internet Phone from VocalTec
* Platforms: IBM Compatible
* Description: Supports real-time conversations with Internet users
by compressing speech. Voice-activation feature and interactive
display. Features an graphical interface and on-line help. Up to
date listing of all on-line users running Internet Phone. Join or
create topics for conversation with people from all over the
globe. Supports private topics for private conversations with
family or with business associates.
* Requirements: 486SX PC - 25 MHZ, 8MB RAM (recommended)
An Internet Winsock 1.1 compatible TCP\IP connection (minimum
connection: a 14,400 baud modem SLIP\PPP connection)
Windows 3.1
Windows-compatible sound card
* Cost: $US59 + shipping. You can order on the internet:
http://www.vocaltec.com/order.html
* More Information: WWW: http://www.vocaltec.com/
* Availability:
Demo version:
ftp://ftp.vocaltec.com/pub/
* Contact: VocalTec Inc.
157 Veterans Drive, Northvale, NJ 07647
Tel: 201-768-9400 Fax: 201-768-8893
E-mail: info@vocaltec.com
WebPhone
* Platform: Windows
* Description: WebPhone provides telephone quality, real-time, full
duplex, encrypted, point-to-point voice communication over the
Internet and other TCP/IP based networks. (More detail provided on
the NetSpeak WWW pages).
* Requirements: 80486DX-33 MHz running Windows 3.1 or higher, 4 MB
of RAM, MCI compliant sound card, Winsock 1.1 compliant stack,
14.4Kbps modem, VGA card capable of displaying 256 colors. Full
duplex audio card required for full duplex.
* Price: $49.95 (US)
* Availability: via the WWW: http://www.netspeak.com/getphone.html
* Contact: NetSpeak Corporation
902 Clint Moore Rd., Boca Raton, Fl. 33487, USA
Ph: +1-407-997-4001, Fax: +1-407-997-2401
Email: info@netspeak.com
WWW: http://www.netspeak.com/
WebTalk
* Platform: Windows 3.1/95
* Description: Full-duplex or half duplex, telephone-quality voice,
supports many commercial web browsers.
* Contact: Quarterdeck Corporation
13160 Mindanao Way, 3rd Floor, Marina Del Rey, CA 90292-9705, USA
Ph: +1-310-309-3700, Fax: +1-310-309-4217
Email: info@quarterdeck.com
WWW: http://www.quarterdeck.com/
AF version AF3R1
* Platforms: DEC workstations (Alpha and MIPS), SparcStation, SGI
* Description: The AF System is a device-independent
network-transparent system including client applications and audio
servers. With AF, multiple audio applications can run
simultaneously, sharing access to the actual audio hardware.
The AF3R1 distribution of AF includes server support for Digital
RISC systems running Ultrix, Digital Alpha AXP systems running
OSF/1, SGI Indigo running IRIX 4.0.5, Sun Microsystems
SPARCstations running SunOS 4.1.3, and Sun Microsystems
SPARCstations running Solaris 2.3. The servers support audio
hardware ranging from the built-in CODEC audio on SPARCstations
and Personal DECstations to 48 KHz stereo audio using the DECaudio
TURBOchannel module or the SPARCstation DBRI interface
* Availability: The source kit is distributed by anonymous ftp from
ftp://crl.dec.com/pub/DEC/
WWW:
http://www.research.digital.com/CRL/projects/AF/home.html
* Contact: af-request@crl.dec.com
Voice E-Mail from Bonzi Software
* Description: Voice E-Mail is an extension to regular e-mail which
allows recorded voice messages to be transmitted in the same way
as normal text messages. Voice E-Mail is available in several
forms: Voice E-Mail 3.0 for WinCIM, Voice E-Mail 3.0 for America
Online, Voice E-Mail 3.0 for Eudora, and Voice E-Mail 3.0 for
Netscape. Voice E-Mail uses digital audio and image compression
technology to compress messages before transferring them through
CompuServe, America Online, and the Internet.
* Availability: Go to the Bonzi home page - http://www.bonzi.com/ -
and follow the links to the Internet Shopping Network's
"Downloadable Software Division."
* Further Information: Bonzi Software
WWW: http://www.bonzi.com/
Email: info@bonzi.com
Fax 805-238-5798
MicNotePad Recording Software for Macs
* Platforms: Macintosh
* Description: MicNotePad is audio recording tool designed to
improve dictation (a digital replacement for the old-style
mechnical tape systems used by typists). It uses the built-in
microphone or sound input port and the hard disk to record
conversations or speech of arbitrary length. Speech compression
techniques are used to reduce the disk-space. Once it is recorded,
single keystrokes control playback while you type in your word
processor.
* Contact: Nirvana Research
WWW: http://moof.com/nirvana/
Email: nirvana@got.net
MixViews
* Description: A Unix/X sound editor. Does waveform play/record, and
cut/splice. Has various filters, handles native file formats, FFT,
LPC and more
* Availability: by anonymous ftp including SunOS 4 and IRIX 5
binaries.
ftp://foxtrot.ccmrc.ucsb.edu/pub/
Network Audio System Release 1.1
* Platforms: Various (includes SunOS, Solaris, SGI)
* Description: A device-independent mechanism for transferring,
playing and recording audio signals over a network. Has a range of
features suited to networks.
* Cost: Free
* Availability: By anonymous ftp from
ftp://ftp.x.org:/contrib/audio/nas/
Also available in the same directory are document files and some
sample sounds.
NIST SPeech HEader REsources Package (SPHERE)
* Description: Standard speech header software from the National
Institute of Standards & Technology (NIST). SPHERE headers
represent information about sample frequency, sample format, etc.
* Availability: By anonymous ftp from
Readme File
ftp://jaguar.ncsl.nist.gov/pub/sphere.README
Source Code
ftp://jaguar.ncsl.nist.gov/pub/sphere_2.5.tar.Z
NIST Speech Recognition Scoring Package (SCORE)
* Description: Software for scoring results of speech recognition
systems from the National Institute of Standards & Technology
(NIST) .
* Availability: By anonymous ftp from
README File
ftp://jaguar.ncsl.nist.gov/pub/score.README
Source Code
ftp://jaguar.ncsl.nist.gov/pub/score_3.6.2.tar.Z
Sound Processing Kit
* Platforms: UNIX
* Description: Sound Processing Kit (SPKit) is an object-oriented
class library for audio signal processing. SPKit includes classes
for various signal processing tasks and a way of implementing
sound processing algorithms in a simple object-oriented manner.
Sound Processing Kit is implemented in C++ and is designed to be
portable. The current version requires a bare-bones C++ 2.0
compatible compiler (templates and exceptions are not needed).
ANSI C standard libraries are required. SPKit includes classes for
+ Sound input and output
+ Basic signal processing
+ Dynamics processing (compressor, gating etc)
+ Filtering
+ Delay and reverberation
+ Distortion
+ Signal routing
* Availability:
Full documentation on the WWW:
http://www.music.helsinki.fi/research/spkit/documentation
/SPKit.html
Software distribution:
http://www.music.helsinki.fi/research/spkit/distribution/
spkit.tar.Z
* Contact: Kai Lassfolk
University of Helsinki Music Research Laboratory
Email: spkit@elisir.helsinki.fi
TCPplay
* Description: TCPPlay lets you use your mac as an audio server for
your Unix box. Provided with source code. Written by Bill
Stafford, Rich Tsoi and Malcolm Slaney.
* Availability: Anonymous ftp from
ftp://ftp.apple.com/pub/malcolm/
ftp://worldserver.com/pub/malcolm/TcpPlay.sit.hqx
Auditory Modeller 1
* Description: John Holdsworth's implementation of a gammatone
filter bank and Roy Patterson's spiral model, in C (with X-window
display).
* Availability: By anonymous ftp from
ftp://ftp.mrc-apu.cam.ac.uk/pub/
Auditory Modeller 2
* Description:Lowel O'Mard's implementation of peripheral filtering,
Ray Meddis's hair cell model and other stuff in C (as a library of
routines).
* Availability: By anonymous ftp from
ftp://suna.lut.ac.uk/public/hulpo/
Auditory Toolbox for Matlab
* Description: This toolbox provides extensions to Matlab which are
useful to people interested in auditory/cochlear modeling. [Matlab
is described is the previous section.] This toolbox has been
tested on both Macintosh and Unix computers. It includes the
following major models:
+ Lyon's Passive Long Wave Cochlear Model (our conventional
model)
+ Patterson-Holdsworth ERB Filter bank with Meddis Hair cell
+ Seneff's Auditory Model (Stages I and II)
+ MFCC (Mel-scale frequency cepstral coefficients from the ASR
world)
+ Spectrogram
+ Correlogram generation and pitch modeling
+ Simple vowel synthesis
* Availability: From Malcolm Slaney home page and by anonymous FTP:
ftp://ftp.apple.com/pub/
The following files are available:
+ AuditoryToolbox.mif.Z
+ AuditoryToolbox.psc.Z
+ AuditoryToolbox.sea.hqx
+ AuditoryToolbox.tar
+ AuditoryToolbox.tar.Z
The ".mif.Z" file is a Unix compressed version of the FrameMaker
documentation. The ".psc.Z" file is a Unix compressed version of
the Postscript documentation. The ".tar" and ".tar.Z" files are
Unix TAR archives containing all of the m-functions and C-MEX
source code. Finally, the ".sea.hqx" file is a Macintosh
self-extracting archive that has been encoded using BinHex. There
is precompiled version of the three MEX function for the
Macintosh.
* Misc: Our lawyers ask you to remind you that there is no warranty.
We've done some testing but we undoubtably missed things.
* Contact: Malcolm Slaney, Interval Resarch.
Email: malcolm@interval.com
WWW: http://www.interval.com/~malcolm/
Human Audio Perception Document
* Description: Document prepared by Argiris Kranidiotis on the human
audio perception system. It lists a number of references, gives
plenty of numbers and some equations.
* Availability: by anonymous ftp from the comp.speech archive site
ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/info/HumanAudioPe
rception
* Contact: Argiris A. Kranidiotis
University Of Athens, Informatics Department
email: akra@zeus.di.uoa.ariadne-t.gr
BEEP dictionary
* Description: Phonemic transcriptions of over 250,000 English
words. (British English pronunciations)
* Availability: By anonymous ftp:
BEEP dictionary README file
svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/dictionaries/beep-0.7.R
EADME
BEEP Dictionary (1.1M)
svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/dictionaries/beep.tar.g
z
CMU dictionary
* Description: Phonemic transcriptions of 100,000 words with
American English pronunciation.
* Availability - WWW: http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/cgi-bin/cmudict
* Availability - ftp: By anonymous ftp from the directory
ftp://ftp.cs.cmu.edu/project/fgdata/dict/
with the files README, cmudict.0.2.Z, cmulex.0.1.Z, phoneset.0.1
CUVOLAD dictionary (Oxford Dictionary)
* Description: Computer Usable Version of the Oxford Advanced
Learner's Dictionary containing 70,000+ entries. Has British
English pronunciations and parts of speech.
* Availability: Anonymous ftp
ftp://ota.ox.ac.uk/pub/ota/public/dicts/710/
Documentation:
ftp://ota.ox.ac.uk/pub/ota/public/dicts/710/text710.doc
Comprehensive Word List
* Description: A comprehensive word list which should contain most
common American words, abbreviations, hyphenations, and even
incorrect spellings. The word lists were compiled from a number of
sources: commercial news services, UseNet news postings, existing
dictionaries, name lists, company lists, UNIX man pages, project
Gutenberg's E-texts, project Wordnet, received mailings, etc. The
current size is 460,000 words.
* Availability: anonymous ftp
ftp://wocket.vantage.gte.com/pub/
Note 1: There seems to be some sort of network problem reaching
the server.
Note 2: There is a README file which explains the file formats.
EAT: Edinburgh Associative Thesaurus
* Description: A set of word association norms showing the counts of
word association as collected from subjects.
* Availability: Source and WWW interactive versions
Interactive version
Provided by Computing and Information Systems Department
(CISD) of Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, UK
http://www.cis.rl.ac.uk/proj/psych/eat.html
Set of word association norms
ftp directory. 6 MB
http://www.cis.rl.ac.uk/proj/psych/eat/eat/
Homophone List
* A list of homophones in General American English is available by
anonymous FTP from the comp.speech archive site:
ftp://svr-ftp.eng.cam.ac.uk/comp.speech/dictionaries/homo
phones-1.01.txt
Moby Lexical Resources
* Description: A set of lexical resources compiled by Grady Ward.
3449 Martha Ct., Arcata, CA 95521-4884, USA
Email: grady@netcom.com OR grady@northcoast.com
* Availability: Mirrored by Malcolm Crawford
(m.crawford@dcs.shef.ac.uk) at the Institute for Language Speech
and Hearing, the University of Sheffield.
WWW: http://www.dcs.shef.ac.uk/research/ilash/Moby/
FTP: ftp://ftp.dcs.shef.ac.uk/share/ilash/Moby/
* Contents:
Moby Hyphenator: mhyph.tar.Z
185,000 entries fully hyphenated. 980kB.
Moby Language: mlang.tar.Z
Word lists in five major languages. 2.3MB.
Moby Part-of-Speech: mpos.tar.Z
230,000 entries with part(s) of speech listed in priority
order. 1.2MB.
Moby Pronunciator: mpron.tar.Z
175,000 entries fully International Phonetic Alphabet
coded. 3.1MB.
Moby Shakespeare: mshak.tar.Z
The complete unabridged works of Shakespeare. 2.3.MB.
Moby Thesaurus: mthes.tar.Z
30,000 root words, 2.5 million synonyms and related
words. 12MB.
Moby Words: mwords.tar.Z
610,000+ words and phrases. 4.0MB.
MRC Psycholinguistic Database
* Description: A machine usable dictionary containing over 150000
words with up to 26 linguistic and psycholinguistic attributes for
each (e.g. pronunciation, part of speech, word frequency).
Psycholinguistic Database was the basis for the "Oxford
Psycholinguistic Database" available for Apple Macs from Oxford
University Press.
* Availability: Several versions with different formats:
Interactive Version of MRC Psycholinguistic Database
Produces lists of words meeting user-definable selection
criteria. Provided by the Dept. of Psychology, University
of Western Australia.
http://www.psy.uwa.edu.au/uwa_mrc.htm
ftp'able MRC Psycholinguistic Database
Approximately 12M of data.
ftp://ota.ox.ac.uk/pub/ota/public/dicts/1054/
README:
ftp://ota.ox.ac.uk/pub/ota/public/dicts/1054/readme.
Information: ftp://ota.ox.ac.uk/pub/ota/public/dicts/info
WordNet
* Description: WordNet is an on-line lexical reference system in
which English nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs are organized
into synonym sets, each representing one underlying lexical
concept. Different relations link the synonym sets.
WordNet was developed in the Cognitive Science Laboratory at
Princeton University under the direction of Professor George
Miller.
* Availability:
WWW Interface
http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/w3wn.html
Source Distributions
Unix (9.1MB), PC (5.8MB), Macintosh (7.5MB), Prolog
(database only, 4.2MB).
ftp://clarity.princeton.edu/pub/wordnet/
Extended interfaces developed by WordNet users (for X, Lisp etc)
are listed in the WordNet home page.
* Further information: Email: wordnet@princeton.edu
WWW: WordNet home page: http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/
README: ftp://clarity.princeton.edu/pub/wordnet/
Publications: ftp://clarity.princeton.edu/pub/wordnet/
Dictionaries on the WWW
For a while, there was a range of dictionaries and other lexical
resources on the WWW and elsewhere on the Internet. However, due to
copyright reasons, fewer sites are publishing dictionary information.
When last checked, the following sites provide dictionaries or links
to dictionaries on the net:
CMU Dictionary
http://www.speech.cs.cmu.edu/cgi-bin/cmudict
Institute of Phonetic Sciences, Amsterdam
Electronic dictionaries, including French, Norwegian Swahili
and English.
http://fonsg3.let.uva.nl/Other_pages.html
1913 Webster's Revised Unabridged Dictionary
Available as a searchable HTML form at the University of
Chicago ARTFL project site, and as a tagged working file and
downloadable version (45MB) of the HTML at Project Gutenberg.
Martin Ramsch's Englisch-Worterbucher aller Art
Lists of on-line dictionaries, translation dictionaries,
technical dictionaries, etc.
http://www.uni-passau.de/forwiss/mitarbeiter/freie/ramsch/engli
sch.html
Galaxy's list of dictionaries etc.
A comprehensive list of dictionaries, acronym lists,
translation resources, and a Thesaurus.
http://galaxy.einet.net/galaxy/Reference-and-Interdisciplinary-
Information/Dictionaries-etc.html
Webster's dictionary online
http://c.gp.cs.cmu.edu:5103/prog/webster
International Phonetic Alphabet
* Description: The International Phonetic Association
(http://www.arts.gla.ac.uk/IPA/ipa.html) defines the International
Phonetic Alphabet. It is a standard set of symbols for
transcribing the sounds of spoken languages. The full chart of IPA
symbols is published on the International Phonetic Association WWW
site. Also provided are charts for consonants, vowels, tones and
accents, suprasegmentals, diacritics and other symbols. A cassette
of sounds is available: see
http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/wells/cassette.htm
WWW: Phonetic Fonts and Examples Online
George L. Dillon's list of phonetic resources
[http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dillon/PhonResources.html]
Vowel sounds of American English
Examples of standard American vowels along with the IPA
phonetic symbols and links to recordings.
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dillon/vowels.html
Consonant sounds of English
Examples of consonants along with the IPA phonetic
symbols and links to recordings.
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dillon/consonants.html
Vowel Quadrilaterals for American and British English
Charts and audio.
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dillon/newstart.html
IPA-ASCII
A scheme for representing IPA transcriptions in ASCII for
use in Usenet articles and email.
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~dillon/ipaascii.html
Some things about studying Speech
Information on speech physiology, acoustic phonetics, speech
perception, speech recognition and voice recognition.
http://www.ccp.uchicago.edu/grad/Francis_Alex/speech.html
Summer Institute of Linguistics IPA Fonts
* Platform: Apple Macintosh and Mircosoft Windows
* Description: International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) fonts are
available as freeware from the Summer Institute of Linguistics
(SIL). The SIL Encore IPA Fonts are a set of scalable IPA fonts
containing the full International Phonetic Alphabet with 1990 Kiel
revisions. Three typefaces are included: SIL Doulos (similar to
Times), SIL Sophia (similar to Helvetica), and SIL Manuscript
(monowidth). Each font contains all the standard IPA discrete
characters and non-spacing diacritics as well as some
suprasegmental and punctuation marks. Each font comes in both
PostScript Type 1 and TrueType formats.
* Availability: Via the WWW and Gopher:
+ WWW: http://www.sil.org/
+ Gopher:
gopher://gopher.sil.org/11/gopher_root/computing/software/fon
ts/
+ Ftp for Windows: ftp://ftp.sil.org/fonts/win/silip12a.exe
+ Ftp for Mac: ftp://ftp.sil.org/fonts/mac/silipa12.sea_hqx
Also available through the SIL email server. Send either of the
following commands to MAILSERV@sil.org.
Windows:
SEND/MODE=BLOCK/ENCODING=UUENCODE
[FTP.FONTS.WIN]SILIP12A.EXE
Mac:
SEND [FTP.FONTS.MAC]SILIPA12.SEA_HQX
Finally, they are available on diskette from the address below.
$US5 to cover the cost of shipping.
* Contact: International Academic Bookstore
Summer Institute of Linguistics
7500 W. Camp Wisdom Road, Dallas, TX 75236 U.S.A.
Ph: 214-709-2404, Fax: 214-709-2433
e-mail: academic.books@sil.org
WWW: http://www.sil.org/
Phonetic Fonts for TeX and LaTeX
Linguistics/Tex mailing list
ling-tex@ifi.uio.no
Subscription method unknown.
TIPA
Created by Rei Fukui: fkr@tooyoo1.l.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Source: ftp://tooyoo.L.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/TeX/tipa/
Postscript manual:
ftp://tooyoo.L.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/TeX/tipa/
Compressed postscript manual:
ftp://tooyoo.L.u-tokyo.ac.jp/pub/TeX/tipa/
WSUIPA: Washington State University International Phonetic
Alphabet fonts
A basic WSUIPA font contains 128 phonetic characters and/or
diacritics in five different point sizes (8, 9, 10, 11 and 12)
and in three typefaces (roman, slanted and bold extended). Each
size and typeface includes a TFM (TeX Font Metric) file and its
related GF, PK or PXL file. A macro package and manual are
provided. Apparently LaTeX 2.09 compatible - not LaTeX 2e
compliant.
Available from ftp://ftp.wustl.edu/packages/TeX/fonts/wsuipa/
OR from CTAN-ftp-archives: e.g.
ftp://ftp.digital.com/pub/text/TeX/fonts/wsuipa/
Yamada Language Center
* Platform: Apple Macintosh and Mircosoft Windows
* Description: The Yamada Language Center maintains an archive of
fonts to assist users who wish to display or type non-English
fonts on their computers. Their WWW and ftp sites include five
International Phonetic Alphabet fonts (or near IPA). They also
have fonts for over 40 languages (American Sign Language, Arabic,
Armenian, Bengali, Burmese, Celtic, Cherokee......).
* Availability: :
WWW Font List
http://babel.uoregon.edu/yamada/fonts.html
Windows Fonts
http://babel.uoregon.edu/yamada/winfonts.html
IPA Fonts
http://babel.uoregon.edu/yamada/fonts/phonetic.html
ftp site
ftp://yftp@www-vms.uoregon.edu/fonts/
* Contact: Yamada Language Center, University of Oregon
The vOICe
* Description: Peter Meijer's Java applet/application for sound
analysis and synthesis.
+ Platform: All (where Java VM available)
+ Interactive spectrographic synthesis: draw your own sound
+ Image sonification
+ Mathematical function sonification
+ Spectrographic sound analysis (Fourier, spectrogram)
+ Vision substitution research
* Contact: Peter Meijer
The Learning Company's Language Training
* Platform: Windows and Macintosh
* Description: Foreign-language training software for Spanish,
French, German, Italian, Japanese, and English. In the Windows
version for English, speech-recognition technology is used to help
users improve accents.
* Contact: The Learning Company
Ph: (800) 852-2255
Email: webmaster@learningco.com
WWW: http://www.learningco.Inter.net/foreign.html
Wildfire - an Electronic Assistant
* Platform: ?
* Description: Wildfire is a phone-based electronic assistant.
Functions include:
+ Screens, routes, and announces incoming calls.
+ Contact list with voicedialing.
+ Schedules and reminders for follow-up calls and action items.
+ Messaging and advanced voicemail features.
* Contact: Wildfire Communications, Inc.
20 Maguire Road, Lexington, MA 02173 USA
Ph: +1-617-674-1500, Fax: 617-674-1501
Demo line: 1-800-WILDFIRE
Email: info@wildfire.com
WWW: http://www.wildfire.com/
___________________________________________________________________________
Copyright (c) 1993-6 by Andrew Hunt, all rights reserved.
This FAQ may be posted to any USENET newsgroup, on-line service, or BBS as
long as it is posted in its entirety and includes this copyright statement.
This FAQ may not be distributed for financial gain.
This FAQ may not be included in any collections or compilations
without express permission from the author.
---
Andrew Hunt
Speech Applications Group
Sun Microsystems Laboratories Ph: (978) 442-2681
2 Elizabeth Drive, MS UCHL03-207 Fax: (978) 250-5067
Chelmsford, MA 01824, USA Email: andrew.hunt@east.sun.com
User Contributions:Comment about this article, ask questions, or add new information about this topic: |
RelationshipsdatingInside the dangerous world of 'Sugar Daddy' dating sitesA SUMMIT has unveiled the dangers from "of white sugar Daddy" Dating and how students are given incentives to join sites such as Seeking concept.
houston Post
online dating is widespread now, But it isn't safe.
The sites that pair women with older wealthy males have increased in popularity in time.
Geoffrey Edelsten and Gabi Grecko at their wedding planning after meeting on a Sugar Daddy website. frame: Nathan DyerSource:News Corp queensland
Sugar babies typically do not, in point of fact, Have control over these friendships, which in turn turn dangerous and exploitative, Experts said at a Without Exploitation Youth Summit held in New York for high school and enrollees.
As it declared, Is seen as a legit potential sideline at New York institution, just about the summit attendees, Julianny Monegro, 19, Told the rhode island Post.
You be told [On environs] Is sure, Like actually, I just drop out and be a sugar baby, Monegro, An NYU sociology fellow student, thought.
really enjoy, How I expend on school, She announced.
I think the ladies don realise the position that they placing themselves in, And the subjugation that they sort of willing to travel to have a man pay for their things. Harvard institution, Students are apt to have a lighthearted, Candy coated view of history and literature student Mariana De Leon, 19, Said after a summit. Need to get hold of all my friends I need to tell them stop those jokes, wipe out sugar baby jokes. ordinarily involves a coercive exchange of money for sex, The experts at the summit warned even if the coercion is subtle and regardless of dating website promises of and handed an envelope of money and brought to a hotel room and you expected to have sex, Or they feel should be, Said Coalition against Trafficking in women program co ordinator Laura Ramirez. Soon a young woman can be on the slippery slope to more extreme routines, Ms Ramirez told delegates, Describing what she learned in speaking with sugar babies and while going undercover to a bowl a recruitment and networking event.
Sugar daddy would convince the woman to do some things, And hold something above their heads, Ms Ramirez celebrity fad.
Things included doing drugs and attempting to engage in threesomes, And if the woman is tentative at first, the man would say, That bag managed to get you? Or last week I paid for your hair and nails? And that [url=https://latamdatereviews.wordpress.com/2018/04/03/latamdate-reviews-understating-colombian-girls-through-their-culture-and-traditions/]girls in colombia[/url] is very coercive It isn what the website brands as romantic relationships on your terms.
Photoshoot in malibu last week for our annual 2018 SugarBaby Calendar. Thank you everyone for partaking.
An requirement that the buyer or the sugar daddy can do whatever he wants, So very often we hear there awesome violence when the door gets shut, totals Lauren Hersh, nationalized director of World Without Exploitation, An anti trafficking sector.
Often it sexual violence and physical violence When there a price tag, Very often the buyer feels that they do whatever, at any time when and however. Brooklyn structured baby, 23, Told Ms Ramirez that she was coerced into an unwanted threesome during one pricey holiday with her there was Alex Page, an early who blogged about being raped on a date.
He made a move ahead her and she said no, He proceeded to pull her by the hair and rape her saying going to get what I paid for, Ms Ramirez told potential clients.
The national government announced Thursday a new series of sanctions against Russian intelligence entities and agents they say are responsible for hacks into the Democratic National Committee and related servers. in conjunction with the sanctions, 35 Russian operatives will be expelled from the particular and listed as persona non grata. The agents, Who are based out of the Russian embassy in Washington and the Russian consulate in san francisco, Have been informed they have 72 hours to leave in america along with their families. Is responding here to a pattern of Russian behavior which evident for some time. The official also said that the announced punishments are not the sum total of everything we are doing in response to Russia TMs actions as president obama and others have said, Some of those actions will be public and a lot of will not. director elect Donald Trump, Who has again and again called for better relations with Moscow, Has been largely dismissive of claims that Russian intelligence was accountable for the hacks. still, In a statement released shorty after the announcement of sanctions, Republican House Speaker Paul Ryan called the management TMs response an overdue yet appropriate way to end eight years of failed policy with Russia. Russia does not share America TMs taste, Ryan TMs declaration says. essentially, It has consistently sought to undermine them, Sowing dangerous instability almost. For his step, mr. Trump said he wanted the nation to move on from the election but that he would still meet with learning ability officials to discuss the matter. It TMs time for our country to beging learning bigger and better things, Trump said in an argument on Thursday evening. around the, In the eye of our country and its great people, I will meet with leaders of the [url=https://ukrainianwomenonlinedating.blogspot.com/]ukraine girlfriend[/url] intelligence community next week in order to be updated on the facts of this case. A joint document from Republican Sens. Lindsey Graham and John McCain echoed Ryan TMs point that the measures were overdue yet a small price for Russia to purchase its brazen attack on American democracy. The pair also said that they intend to lead efforts in the new Congress to impose stronger sanctions on Russia. based on White House spokesman Eric Schultz, mr. A total of nine Russian entities and persons have been targeted by the supports. Sanctioned people young and old includeIgor Valentinovich Korobov, present-day's Chief of the GRU; Sergey Aleksandrovich Gizunov, Deputy Chief within GRU; Igor Olegovich Kostyukov, catastrophe Deputy Chief of the GRU; and as a result Vladimir Stepanovich Alexseyev, Also economic crisis Deputy Chief of the GRU, Said an argument from the White House released Thursday afternoon. its FSB, Russia TMs other major foreign thinking ability agency, Is also the person receiving sanctions. Election types of procedures. fed will also shut down two Russian government owned compounds "One in maryland, And additional in New York. depending on the fact sheet, The shut downs and expulsions are in response to harassment of our diplomatic personnel in Russia that have gone far beyond essential diplomatic norms of behavior. Russia TMs embassy in London responded to the sanctions announcement by tweeting a picture of a lame duck and referred to the federal government as hapless :president obama expels 35 diplomats in Cold War deja vu. As every body, Incl men, Will be glad to see all of the this hapless Adm. fed, Political and private sector entities. executive and its citizens, Said an argument from the FBI and DHS. The operatives, Who are based out of the Russian embassy in Washington and the Russian consulate in s. f,phoenix, Have been informed they have 72 hours to leave in america along with their families. Is here to a pattern of Russian behavior that have been evident for some time. The official also said that (...)