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First, the bombing signaled a new terrorist challenge, one whose rage and
malice had no limit. Ramzi Yousef, the Sunni extremist who planted the bomb,
said later that he had hoped to kill 250,000 people.
3
Second, the FBI and the Justice Department did excellent work investigat-
ing the bombing.Within days, the FBI identified a truck remnant as part of a
Ryder rental van reported stolen in Jersey City the day before the bombing.
4
Mohammed Salameh, who had rented the truck and reported it stolen, kept
calling the rental office to get back his $400 deposit.The FBI arrested him there
on March 4, 1993. In short order, the Bureau had several plotters in custody,
including Nidal Ayyad, an engineer who had acquired chemicals for the bomb,
and Mahmoud Abouhalima, who had helped mix the chemicals.
5
The FBI identified another conspirator, Ahmad Ajaj, who had been arrested
by immigration authorities at John F. Kennedy International Airport in Sep-
tember 1992 and charged with document fraud. His traveling companion was
Ramzi Yousef, who had also entered with fraudulent documents but claimed
political asylum and was admitted. It quickly became clear that Yousef had been
a central player in the attack. He had fled to Pakistan immediately after the
bombing and would remain at large for nearly two years.
6
The arrests of Salameh, Abouhalima, and Ayyad led the FBI to the Farouq
mosque in Brooklyn, where a central figure was Sheikh Omar Abdel Rahman,
an extremist Sunni Muslim cleric who had moved to the United States from
Egypt in 1990. In speeches and writings, the sightless Rahman, often called the
"Blind Sheikh," preached the message of Sayyid Qutb's Milestones, characteriz-
ing the United States as the oppressor of Muslims worldwide and asserting that
it was their religious duty to fight against God's enemies. An FBI informant
learned of a plan to bomb major New York landmarks, including the Holland
and Lincoln tunnels. Disrupting this "landmarks plot," the FBI in June 1993
arrested Rahman and various confederates.
7
As a result of the investigations and arrests, the U.S.Attorney for the South-
ern District of New York prosecuted and convicted multiple individuals,
including Ajaj, Salameh, Ayyad, Abouhalima, the Blind Sheikh, and Ramzi
Yousef, for crimes related to the World Trade Center bombing and other plots.
An unfortunate consequence of this superb investigative and prosecutorial
effort was that it created an impression that the law enforcement system was
well-equipped to cope with terrorism. Neither President Clinton, his princi-
pal advisers, the Congress, nor the news media felt prompted, until later, to press
the question of whether the procedures that put the Blind Sheikh and Ramzi
Yousef behind bars would really protect Americans against the new virus of
which these individuals were just the first symptoms.
8
Third, the successful use of the legal system to address the first World Trade
Center bombing had the side effect of obscuring the need to examine the char-
acter and extent of the new threat facing the United States.The trials did not
bring the Bin Ladin network to the attention of the public and policymakers.
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