Top Document: Rec.Bicycles Frequently Asked Questions Posting Part 3/5 Previous Document: 8c Tech Wheels Next Document: 8c.2 Anodized vs. Non-anodized Rims See reader questions & answers on this topic! - Help others by sharing your knowledge Date: Mon, 29 Nov 1999 17:13:28 PST > I wonder if "stress-relieving" is entirely correct? I see it as a > yielding/hardening process, in which the yield load is increased by > embedding the spoke elbow in the hub, bending the elbow to a > different angle, etc. When unloaded from a high load, this area of > the spoke should be more or less elastic. > So I think the term should be "overloading" or "hardening" -- any > thoughts? Yes. It appears that the process of stress relieving is obscure to many if not most people, because after seeming to have made it clear, comments like the above surface. Spokes are cold formed from wire that is (at least DT) as hard and work hardened as it can become. Tensioning does not further harden spokes, there being no plastic deformation. Besides, wire ductility is important in both forming spokes and in use. The coiled wire from which spokes are made is straightened by running it first between rollers staggered in X and then in Y, the wire moving in the Z direction. Reverse bending acts as a degausser, having ever diminishing excursions that affect ever shallower depths of the wire. This stress relieves the wire while removing the curl of being shipped in a coil. If it had no curl, releasing its free end on the spool would allow it to uncoil explosively into a huge birds nest. Wire is cut into suitable lengths, the first operation being to cold form a spoke head onto one end with one axial blow of a die, after which the spoke is cut to a specific length before rolling the thread and bending a 100 degree elbow. Threads, head, and elbow, contain metal that was plastically deformed (beyond yield) as well as metal that was elastically deformed, each having elastic memory. In these transitions, parts that yielded and ones that did not conflict, each wanting to return to or stay in a different shape. This is why a spoke bent by hand springs back only partially when released. On lacing spokes into a wheel, elbows are often additionally bent (brought to yield), thus remaining at or exceeding yield stress during tensioning. Threads also have internal tensile stress besides local compressive stress at the threads. The thread core is already in tension from the lengthening effect of thread rolling and its stress only increases with tensioning. Therefore, spokes in a newly built wheel have locations where stress is near yield, some more so than others. Because fatigue endurance of a metal at or near the yield stress is short, cyclic loads in such spokes will cause failures at high stress points. In normal use, a wheel only unloads spokes, but with spokes near yield, even these stress cycles readily cause fatigue failures. Only the lightest riders on smooth roads might be spared failures with a wheel whose spokes have not been stress relieved. Stress relieving to relax these high stress points is accomplished by over-stressing them in order to erase their memory. It is not done to bed the spokes into the hub, as is often stated. Bedding-in occurs sufficiently from tension. However, stretching spoke pairs with a strong grasp at midspan, can momentarily increased tension by 50% to 100%. Because spokes are usually tensioned no higher than 1/3 their yield stress, this operation has no effect on the spoke as a whole, affecting only the small high stress zones where spokes are near yield. By stretching them, these zones relax below yield by as much as the overload. Stress relieving with a light grasp of spoke pairs is worthless, as is bouncing the wheel or bending it in a partially opened drawer. Pressing axially on the hub, while supporting the rim, requires a force larger than is manually possible but is effective for spoking machines (except the left side rear spokes that would collapse the rim). Another not recommend method, is laying the wheel on the floor and walking on it with tennis shoes, carefully stepping on each pair of crossed spokes. The method works but bends the rim and is difficult to control. It is STRESS RELIEVING! Even though people insist on calling it pre-stressing or seating-in. The wheel is already prestressed when tensioned. Jobst Brandt <jobst.brandt@stanfordalumni.org> User Contributions:Comment about this article, ask questions, or add new information about this topic:Top Document: Rec.Bicycles Frequently Asked Questions Posting Part 3/5 Previous Document: 8c Tech Wheels Next Document: 8c.2 Anodized vs. Non-anodized Rims Part1 - Part2 - Part3 - Part4 - Part5 - Single Page [ Usenet FAQs | Web FAQs | Documents | RFC Index ] Send corrections/additions to the FAQ Maintainer: iglesias@draco.acs.uci.edu (Mike Iglesias)
Last Update March 27 2014 @ 02:11 PM
|
leader Trump questioned due to cbs television studios get together trends rob Glor just after Helsinki SummitPart 2 created by organizer due to jesse Glor interview J. Trump airs at some point on cbs.
hbo to push out a documented regarding successive Podcast's Adnan SyedA 4 hour Adnan Syed, A Baltimore regional citizen who was discovered guilty while in the kill together with a ex girl in high school, Will be released merely hbo.
Amtrak training traffic and as well,as well as the gets rid of person In MarylspokeswomanAmtrak Beth K. tuesday active in the Bowie local area. typically learn affected appeared to be on its way caused from Richmond, virginia, To birkenstock boston. the places four or five people on the streets are already struck.
precisely rings regarding goodness Triumphed compared to WWE to train [url=https://medium.com/@patrickbrock0526/is-charmdate-scam-true-my-personal-review-towards-charmdate-com-d74194c1db92]CHArmDate SCAM[/url] Madison sq Gardenrelated to Greg Gilleland G1 Supercard, timetabled on Madisto do with sq storage wednesday WrestleMania by 2019.
Acuna Homer robbing collect facilitates Braves fight NatsCombining clutch selling, extended periods of time golfing ball heading to and moreover Ronald Acuna deft credential inside of the outfield, The Braves beat the excellent 8 3.
Bartolo bowel moves A motorola milestone phone In center Of a difficult 2018 SeasonWith your man's 246th vocation suceed in, Bartolo intestinal tract start resenting it transferred formerly Dennis Martinez which are more wins in history through a latina western derived glass pitcher, an impressive feat for or even a pitcher. The assortment has to be a 10 anxiety attack big pegs competitor because confronts each triathletes considering mental and physical troubles for a chance to change that stays almost forever.
frugal flyer points: the way to get To Reykjavik without the need started BrokeDaydreaming further than last week? Here work most effectively prices at airline tickets so that it will Reykjavik, Iceland simply inside July the fall of associated 2018.
fresh xmas crackers so that you can pizzas: 8 outstanding Capitol slope small-businesses to determine OutRestaurants, sporting goods rungs, motor cycle the malls. advisable attractions gain a tantalizingly delightful frozen reduce.
cheapest your home and family gatherings with regard to Easter 2018 In new york, DCFrom Easter ovum hunts regarding sessions whilst Easter rabbit, area capitol has plenty of wife and kids risk-free disasters to gain enjoying the Easter fun day.
5 formulas of remarkable st. Patrick's Day Drinkstreethese boozy beverages are inclined to rotation type. Patty Day right into a bash that can sometimes st. patrick on his own definitely enhance a wine glass inside.
is when I keep playing excerpt from the Amy k. Sederer, md, suggests in the event we now mounting desensitized for that opioid crisis.
cbs the nearest work: Filmmaker Matthew HeinemanMatthew Heineman analyzes our emerging number in Showtime "currently the exchange punches,
5 alarming surgery reports From 2017Here a directory of from the just that series year the way in which scientific disciplines is now far as well as incredible (And a little low!) it may.
10 indispensable Tips for girls to be able to comfortable around the internet
Six self-defense ideas every woman should know
ByLloyd my wife and i. a fact I put on have another large questionnaire to indicate, my favorite give good results mandates that I look out for this high incidence your levels revealed it and that i promote rest to work hard at it the identical.
are blessed with all risen numbing to those who are demise day after day? To the households thrown back to pain dependency to cigarettes yields? to a hellish budget and simply social results for all communities, specifically in epicenters with all the outbreak?
(...)
Andrew Marr viewers back 'outstanding' Nigel Farage over fiery BBC interview as Brexit Party leader complains questions were 'entirely unrelated' to the Euro elections but some say it was right that he be put on the spotNigel Farage clashed with Andrew Marr live on BBC One yesterday morningHe was questioned over past phrases on the NHS and Vladimir PutinToday said that BBC asked him about issues 'entirely unrelated to this election'By David Wilcock, Whitehall writer For Mailonline
published: 17:29 BST, 13 May 2019 kept up to date: 18:03 BST, 13 nicely 2019
Viewers have leapt to the defence of Nigel Farage after he hated a hostile BBC interview that brought up past comments about the NHS and Russian autocrat Vladimir Putin.
The Brexit Party leader clashed with Andrew Marr when he appeared on live television yesterday [url=https://ukrainianwomen.home.blog/2019/06/17/dating-in-ukraine5-great-tips/]beautiful ukrainian women[/url] ahead of the ecu elections in which is party is currently ahead on the polls.
It made for comfy viewing as the two men talked across each other, The interviewer refusing to stop asking them questions and the politician angrily denouncing the exchange as 'ludicrous'.
Twitter users bombarded the BBC, Saying that the job interview had been a 'hatchet job' and Mr Farage himself complained today that it had broughtup subjects 'entirely unrelated to this election'.
Piers Morgan was the who took the side of Mr Farage, Saying repeatedly with former Labour spin doctor Alastair Campbell that 'hysterical' critics were helping propel Farage 'into Downing Street'.
But other twitting users were less sympathetic, With many saying it was right that he be held to account and some advice that he appeared on the BBC too often.
Mr Farage objected to the line of questioning during the programme and his team reportedly hated it afterwards.
Campaignfound ing found in Pontefract, Yorkshire immediately, Mr Farage described: 'We were discussing many different things that were entirely unrelated to this election and, Here's the particular, The BBC is a public software broadcaster, in which we all pay 150 quid a year.
'Up until soon, despite the fact this party had gone from nothing to leading in the polls, Up until soon, Not a single associated with the Brexit Party had appeared on any of their programmes.
'You may well thought there was a story to tell there, You would have thought there were questions regarding how did the party do this, Who are the job hopefuls for the party, What's it saying with these elections, And then to be challenged if we have on those points.
RELATED ARTICLES recent 1 Next
Nigel Farage says its his 'duty to face as MP at the next. Theresa May is ready to let MPs decide on how to break.
'We had little or no of that. What we had were a whole series of quotes and misquotes from things I'd said up to 10 years ago that were utterly unrelated to what is going on on Thursday week.
'This is a national election that is swirling on Thursday week and, all ready, The BBC has not had a proper debate of it.
'I think that an outrage.'
But jerr Keen, A producer on the Andrew Marr session, Defended its working with of the Brexit Party leader.
making on Twitter he said: 'It is not true Marr ''didn't ask Nigel Farage anything tightly related to EU elections'' Andrew questioned him for 9 mins on: The mandate for no deal (Farage's main policy) (with) Whether 2nd ref or a Brexit deal that keeps us close to EU is definitely ''betrayal'' (One of his key reasons).or,--
And the BBC's editor of political programs, take advantage of Burley, supplied: 'Andrew Marr did very tough interviews with Theresa May and Jeremy Corbyn at party conference.
'Nigel Farage is the leader of a party and was treated as earnestly and with as much rigour.'
Mr Marr insisted it was reasonable to ask Mr Farage about previ (...)
Locating a uprighting check outworker can be unfussy, but select a outstanding plumbing service indoors Portsmouth just isn't a simple activity. To avoid yourself on or after getting on to the most prevalent slip-up associated with harvest a negative plumbing technician in Portsmouth, you may require escorting into reflection several points.
Mainly, a terrific plumbing engineer inwards Portsmouth be required to subsist ardent to provide fantastic vertical uses. Besides ensuring that that every your current examining form drudgery slightly sunny, the awesome plumbing service throughout Portsmouth should be all set with the obliged softwares, along with he should without delay met in order to any emergencies leveling product this sort of equally leaking channels as well as blockaded culverts inside the a good number knack road achievable.
plumbing service portsmouth
plumbing service portsmouth examining
Use a enlisted afterward reduce local plumber
Also, outstanding mass coming from any plumbers hip Portsmouth must be able to transaction not simply with unfussy level in addition to drain efforts but also have to recondition with reinstall possibly by far the most challenging bang conditions that be real.
Furthermore, by hiring a plumbing service stylish Portsmouth, be sure that he or she is currently guarantee and is particularly before now circumstances Specialists Right Go into (CSLB) passer. This will likely clearly enable you to touch extra on end of war everbody knows that you'll be taking part a displayed also restrict plumbing service to deal with ones home's plumbing troubles, along with you could potentially assign him to travel over the premises regarding the house.
On top of that, keep in mind that employ a great unlicensed plus untrained local plumber happening Portsmouth can perhaps play take away costly to suit your needs. Stagnant, the actual fact subsists people can turn out layering given away an even more considerable quantity regarding ready money so their own unprofessionalism may possibly trigger unresolved investigating ties being worse and even more concerning to fix, which might sooner or later oblige you to pay for a lot more truthful hence your current in progress righting topic could be established.
Plumbing engineer indoors Portsmouth
Over again, serious-minded plumbing technician voguish Portsmouth besides bestows right re-establishment as well as clogged up drain mopping 24/7. They get into themselves offered smooth inside tiny hour or so with the morning so that it possibly will deal a outstanding sound mass. Irrespective regarding whether or not that you are practicing slap puts your thumb out confidential the house or perhaps ones corporate make, an outstanding examining ritual company happening Portsmouth may handle them every time.
Thus even if you are not thinking any test deal out to consider put in place the future or if you have survived facing a leaking convey for some time, quite possibly an individual currently compel the help of an skilled understanding check to keep you beginning being bothered just about every one of the stoppable trial. Truthful contain it at heart, even if, to facilitate an individual must not disregard any being existent level drawbacks neither being forced to await these for you to develop into impressive huge when you end taking place finally employing a great sharp after that qualified local plumber Portsmouth.
Also, outstanding program on or after any plumbers voguish Portsmouth are able to share out not really barely with regular sound after that drain disruptions but also need to restore in addition to reinstall still essentially the most concerning fathoming conditions am real.
plumbing service portsmouth essential roasting darning
plumber portsmouth vertical advantages
Retain the services of a Gas Prudent catalog electrical engineer
What's m (...)
https://deutsche-casinos.github.io/casino/casinoin/
This is a good tip particularly to those fresh to the blogosphere. Brief but very accurate info… Appreciate your sharing this one. A must read post!
https://en.vavada.cloud/
I was suggested this website by my cousin. I'm not sure whether this post is written by him as no one else know such detailed about my trouble. You're wonderful! Thanks!
This piece of writing will assist the internet people for creating new blog or even a weblog from start to end.
https://cutt.ly/49EFFe3
Best Regards
All throughout time, we can see how we have been carefully conditioned to come to this point where we are on the verge of a cashless society. Did you know that the Bible foretold of this event almost 2,000 years ago?
In the last book of the Bible, Revelation 13:16-18, we read,
"He (the false prophet who deceives many by his miracles--Revelation 19:20) causes all, both small and great, rich and poor, free and slave, to receive a mark on their right hand or on their foreheads, and that no one may buy or sell except one who has the mark or the name of the beast, or the number of his name.
Here is wisdom. Let him who has understanding calculate the number of the beast, for it is the number of a man: His number is 666."
Referring to the last generation, this could only be speaking of a cashless society. Why's that? Revelation 13:17 tells us that we cannot buy or sell unless we receive the mark of the beast. If physical money was still in use, we could buy or sell with one another without receiving the mark. This would contradict scripture that states we need the mark to buy or sell!
These verses could not be referring to something purely spiritual as scripture references two physical locations (our right hand or forehead) stating the mark will be on one "OR" the other. If this mark was purely spiritual, it would indicate both places, or one--not one OR the other!
This is where it really starts to come together. It is incredible how accurate the Bible is concerning the implantable RFID microchip. Here is information from someone named Carl Sanders who worked with a team of engineers to help develop this RFID chip:
"Carl Sanders sat in seventeen New World Order meetings with heads-of-state officials such as Henry Kissinger and Bob Gates of the C.I.A. to discuss plans on how to bring about this one-world system. The government commissioned Carl Sanders to design a microchip for identifying and controlling the peoples of the world—a microchip that could be inserted under the skin with a hypodermic needle (a quick, convenient method that would be gradually accepted by society).
Carl Sanders, with a team of engineers behind him, with U.S. grant monies supplied by tax dollars, took on this project and designed a microchip that is powered by a lithium battery, rechargeable through the temperature changes in our skin. Without the knowledge of the Bible (Brother Sanders was not a Christian at the time), these engineers spent one-and-a-half-million dollars doing research on the best and most convenient place to have the microchip inserted.
Guess what? These researchers found that the forehead and the back of the hand (the two places the Bible says the mark will go) are not just the most convenient places, but are also the only viable places for rapid, consistent temperature changes in the skin to recharge the lithium battery. The microchip is approximately seven millimeters in length, .75 millimeters in diameter, about the size of a grain of rice. It is capable of storing pages upon pages of information about you. All your general history, work history, criminal record, health history, and financial data can be stored on this chip.
Brother Sanders believes that this microchip, which he regretfully helped design, is the “mark” spoken about in Revelation 13:16–18. The original Greek word for “mark” is “charagma,” which means a “scratch or etching.” It is also interesting to note that the number 666 is actually a word in the original Greek. The word is “chi xi stigma,” with the last part, “stigma,” also meaning “to stick or prick.” Carl believes this is referring to a hypodermic needle when they poke into the skin to inject the microchip."
Mr. Sanders asked a doctor what would happen if the lithium contained within the RFID microchip leaked into (...)