Crash testing of vehicles is done by the National Highway Traffic 
Safety Agency (NHTSA) <http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/>.  
The following was summarized from their web site information; go 
there for complete details.

The RAV4's crash test performance was about average.  Cars are tested 
against other cars in their size and weight class.  The RAV4 rated 
3 Stars (out of 5), indicating a 21 to 35 percent chance of serious 
injury in a head-on 35 MPH crash with a similar vehicle.  These 
overall results combine the head and chest injury measurements, 
and the same rating was given to both the driver and front-seat 
passenger.